Laws And Ethics Entrepreneurship Essay Example For Students

Laws And Ethics Entrepreneurship Essay EntrepreneurshipAn business visionary is an individual who composes and deals with a business or mechanical venture, endeavoring to make a benefit facing the challenge of misfortune. In spite of the fact that it might appear to be sufficiently simple, turning into a fruitful business person isn't simple. Bill doors became showbiz royalty short-term in 1979 with his production of an intelligent work area interface he called ‘Windows. To turn into an effective business visionary, you must have an item or administration that customers truly need, a sorted out type of deals and administration and quality promoting. The item or administration, which is the establishment of every one of the ones exertion, could extend from a sturdy coat holder to a chain of Mexican cooking cafés. Whatever the item is, it must be of appeal among the buyers. In any case ones business would be negative, and ineffective. One doesnt need to create another item for it to be consumable. Enhancing a previously existing one is the most well-known strategy business people use. Take the ‘E Yo for instance, it is only a yo yet with a dial as an afterthought which checks how frequently it has spun. Just by including a dial the side, the creators of ‘E Yo advertised it up to a degree that each child on the square has one. Advancement and promoting likewise assumes a major job in the accomplishment of a business visionary. Using the media, one should attempt to get however much inclusion of his item as could reasonably be expected. The buyer must be all around educated and mindful about your item for him to be keen on buying your item. Perhaps the best type of publicizing is posting banners on the transport or other open transportation vehicles, with the goal that the a huge number of individuals that utilization the open transportation framework regular will come to think about your item or administration. Sorted out deals administration and client care are crucial for an effective business. In the event that a client isn't happy with the treatment he got during the exchange among him and your business. He is doubtlessly not going to consider buying structure you later on, or in any event, referencing about your item or administration to his associates. Hence one ought to be efficient and use kindness while managing a client. As has been noted by giving quality promoting, affable deals and administration and a genial item, one can turn into an effective business visionary. In the mean time as Bill Gates makes his millions consistently, normal salary property holders continue purchasing lottery tickets bouncing to become showbiz royalty. It may not be simple being a business visionary, yet on the off chance that it was, each one would be one.

Change Agent Skills Essay

So as to be an effective manageability change specialist, an individual must have the accompanying: 1. 2. 3. Information on the ecological, financial, and social issues identified with manageability (understanding)í ¾ A worth framework and self-idea to help and under brace the activities of a change operator (motivation)í ¾ and Change specialist capacities (abilities). Change Agent Abilities: coming up next is a posting of progress specialist capacities assembled from various sources. For usability, these sources have all been recognized toward the finish of this record. Change specialists are:  · Resilient  · Optimistic  · Tenacious  · Committed  · Passionate  · Patient  · Emotionally canny  · Assertive  · Persuasive  · Empathetic  · Authentic  · Ethical  · Self-Aware  · Competent  · Curious They can: Convey thoughts obviously, compactly, and accurately both orally and recorded as a hard copy Listen to other people and join their thoughts and points of view Accommodate singular contrasts (social, financial, worldwide, and so forth.) in your choices and activities and have the option to haggle over these distinctions. Participate in self-evaluation, self-reflection, and examination Reflect on what's going on to make importance, increase point of view and comprehension Engage in common talk and discussion Mediate and resolve clashes Analyze power, structures of imbalance, and social frameworks that oversee individual and shared life Recognize the worldwide ramifications of their activities Length limits Challenge business as usual viably when fitting Creatively and cooperatively take care of issues utilizing basic reasoning skillsí ¾ look for â€Å"families† of answers for complex multi-faceted issues Collaborate, organize, create unions and alliances, manufacture groups Involve others, motivate and energize members, incite backing and duty See the 10,000 foot view and the bigger objective and comprehend the requirement for fundamental change Adjust to the various and changing needs of the two people and society overall Set sensible and plainly characterized objectives and destinations Be both a pioneer and an adherent, as important Analyze and impact bunch elements Make moral choices which join obligation to self, network, and society Help imagine, explain and make positive situations for the eventual fate of society See the ways, little strides, for changes required for a progressively supportable future, convert it into a tasklist and timetable, and finish successfully Tolerate uncertainty and adapt viably to change  © ACPA †College Student Educators International (http://www.myacpa.org/) in a joint effort with the U.S. Organization for Education for Sustainable Development (www.uspartnership.org ). May be recreated for instructive purposes with credit given. They have:  · Experiences into the working and interconnectedness of frameworks A promise to discovering answers for cultural issues Political viability, a conviction that what they think and do communally and politically matters Integrity Courage A comprehension of â€Å"organic† change Helpful Theoretical Models: â€Å"A Social Change Model of Leadership Development† (1996) â€Å"Systemic Leadership† (Allen and Cherrey, 2000) â€Å"Reframing Organizations†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bolman and Deal, 2003) â€Å"Relational Leadership† (Komives, S. R., Lucas, N., and McMahon, T. R., 1998) â€Å"Social Entrepreneurship† â€Å"Servant Leadership† Resources and References: A social change model of authority improvement: Guidebook (Version III). (1996). Los Angeles: University of California Los Angeles Higher Education Research Institute. Allen, K. E., and Cherrey, C. (2000). Foundational authority: Enriching the significance of our work. Washinton, DC: University Press of America. Astin, A. W., and Astin, H. S. (2000). Administration reexamined: Engaging advanced education in social change. Fight Creek, MI: W. K. Kellogg Foundation. Bolman, L. G., and Deal, T. E. (2003). Reframing Organizations: Artistry Choice and Leadership (third ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Colby, An., Ehrlich, T., Beaumont, E., and Stephens, J. (2004). The job of advanced education in getting ready students for lives of urban obligation. In K. Ferraiolo (Ed.), New Direction in city commitment: University road meets central avenue (pp. 51-58). Charlottesville, VA: Pew Partnership for Civic Change. Drayton, B. (2005). Everybody a changemaker. Companion Review, 7(3), 8-11. Freire, P. (1972). Teaching method of the persecuted. New York: Herder and Herder. Hines, S. M. (2005). The useful side of liberal training: A diagram of liberal instruction and business. Friend Review, 7(3), 4-7. Komives, S. R., Lucas, N., and McMahon, T. R. (1998). Investigating authority: For understudies who need to have any kind of effect (second ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Loeb, P. R. (1999). Soul of a resident: Living with conviction in a skeptical time. New York: St. Martin’s Press. Loeb, P. R. (Ed.). (2004). The unthinkable will take a short time: A citizen’s manual for trust in a period of dread. New York: Basic Books. Lorde, A. (1984). Gaining from the 60s. In Sister outcast: Essays and discourses (pp. 134-144). Trumansburg, NY: Crossing Press. Musil, C. M. (2006). Surveying worldwide getting the hang of: coordinating well meaning goals with great practice. Washington, D.C.: Association of American Colleges and Universities. Recklies, D. What Makes a Good Change Agent? Recovered December 19, 2006, from http://www.themanager.org/Strategy/change_agent.htm Rowe, D. (2002). Natural Literacy and manageability as center prerequisites: Success stories and models. In W. L. Filho (Ed.), Teaching Sustainability at Universities. New York: Peter Lang Scientific Publishers. Rowe, D., Bartleman, D., Khirallah, M., Smydra, M., Keith, G., and Ponder, M. (1999). Lessen criticism and lack of care and make positive change specialists: Essential and missing segments of our instructive educational plans. Paper introduced at the Chair Academy Conference Proceedings, Long Beach, CA. Stein, K. (2006). College of Delaware IFST Capstone Course Syllabus. Thomas, N. (2004). Instructing for citizenship in a different and related society. In K. Ferraiolo (Ed.), New bearing in city commitment: University road meets central avenue (pp. 43-50). Charlottesville, VA: Pew Partnership for Civic Change.

Can You Lease A Car With Bad Credit

Can You Lease A Car With Bad Credit Can You Lease A Car With Bad Credit? Can You Lease A Car With Bad Credit?Cars! They get you from one place to another place. Sometimes that other place is work. If you have a job and you don’t live within walking distance or close to good public transportation, you’ll probably need a car to get there!But we don’t have to tell you that cars are important. And we don’t have to tell you that they’re expensive either. That’s why many people choose to lease a car instead of buying it outright. And then you’ll only have to commit to a few years.But what if your credit isn’t so hot? Can you still lease a car? And should you?How does leasing a car work?First of all, it’s important to understand that when you lease a car, you in no way own that car. It’s essentially the equivalent to renting an apartment. Much like renting an apartment, there are pros and cons to leasing. The main disadvantage is that you aren’t building any equity in the thing you’re leasing, so once that lease is up, you won’t have an ything to show for all the money you’ve spent. However, unlike a house or apartment which might increase in value, especially with renovations, cars are notorious for very quickly losing their value. So it might not be that much of a downside, comparatively. And there are advantages to leasing. Aside from the shorter commitment we alluded to earlier, you may not be fully on the hook for repairs. Although you’ll still need insurance, you may be able to bring a lease back to the dealer for certain repairs, just like you can have a super fix a problem at your apartment. Eventually. So if you are approved for a lease, you’ll sign on for the length of time you’d like to lease the car, and then make your monthly payments. You’ll also likely have a limited number of miles you can drive each year you have the lease or else you’ll have to pay an additional fee. But how will your credit influence your chances of being approved for the lease?Credit cars.  Unless your credit is in a really bad place, you’ll probably be able to get some kind of lease. But it’s going to be less than ideal to say the least.“Most people think of their credit score as a black and white number, but having a bad credit reputation is more of a gray area,” advised Jonas Sickler, marketing director for ReputationManagement.com (@repmgmt_com). “Your credit score can be lowered by a number of factors that wont affect your ability to lease a car. What will? Bankruptcy, more than 90 days of credit card delinquency and recent charge-offs will all raise flags when you sit down to discuss financing. Still, some companies are willing to overlook a tawdry credit reputation if youve turned things around and have a steady income source. However, youll pay more for your past indiscretions with a much higher rate.”But is it a good idea?Assuming your credit isn’t so bad that you’re denied a lease outright, are the increased rates Sickler mentioned worth it? Or are their better methods to get a car out there?Walter Zeiss (@WalterZeiss), public relations lead for Mychoicecarinsurance.ca offered a couple notes in favor of leasing with less than great credit, assuming you’re able to make all of your payments: “Your bad credit will begin to eventually improve. Generally speaking lease repayments tend to be somewhat cheaper than auto loan repayments, so leasing could be a good short term alternative.”But he also outlined the downsides: “Leasing isn’t the best option to improve your credit rating, auto loans will actually do a better job at improving your bad credit rating faster. Most likely you’ll need to pay a large upfront fee before beginning the lease. Your credit rating is an indicator of how you behave and manage your finances, so taking on a large financial burden probably isn’t the best idea. You still won’t own the car, so you would be much better off saving up and purchasing your own car outright and avoiding high interest fees. Bottom Line: While leasing a car with a bad credit rating is completely 100% achievable, there is much more sense in trying to get an auto loan or go one step further and save up to purchase your own car instead.”Okay, but I really want to  If you do decide you want to lease a car anyway, there are steps you can take to make it better for yourself while you’re still working on your credit.Sam Olmsted, writer and consultant for Superior Honda, told us what some of those steps are: “Although it’s not ideal, leasing a car with bad credit is possible. The simplest course of action is to wait and strive to build up your credit so that you’re in the best financial position before committing yourself to a contract. However, if you need to lease a car quickly, here are some tips: “Save cash Chances are your dealer will require a larger cash down payment to mitigate their risk if you have bad credit.“Be prepared to pay more Good credit scores instill trust in the transaction and lead to lower interest rates. Those with bad credit will likely have to pay a higher interest rate.“Research lease takeovers For those who are having trouble leasing a car due to bad credit, it is possible to take over another person’s lease. Typically, these takeovers don’t require such a strict credit check, though they may be done by a third party and not a dealer.”Whether you decide to lease a car or go a different direction, it’s important to know what you’ll be getting into. Now happy driving and enjoy  these related posts from OppLoans:8 Handy Tips for Road Trippin on the Cheap!Tricks and Tips for Cheaper Car RepairsNeed a New Car? Then You May Also Need a New Auto Loan.  How have you dealt with transportation and financial issues? Have you ever taken out a bad credit loan to fund a vehicle? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedINContributorsJonas Sickler  is responsible for bu ilding and executing the digital marketing strategy at  ReputationManagement.com  (@repmgmt_com). The broad scope of his role encompasses strategic content creation, web analytics, and developing and deploying targeted digital campaigns from concept to completion.Walter Zeiss (@WalterZeiss) is the public relations lead over at Mychoicecarinsurance.ca, where he heads up a small team of eager writers and content creators. In his spare time hes a car enthusiast that likes to spend his time consuming the latest info about high-tech cars and seeing as much motorsport as he can. Sam Olmsted is a writer and researcher for Superior Honda, a new and used car dealership outside of New Orleans, LA. Sam researches the automotive industry’s top trends and latest news. He spends time writing about the latest car releases, newest technological features and upgrades, the best tips and tricks on vehicle maintenance and servicing, and more. Sam also works to create marketing materials and promote t he dealership online on a variety of platforms.

The Ethics of Sexual Orientation-Based Discrimination in...

Tangibly speaking, discrimination occurring on the basis of sexual orientation, while small in aggregate numbers, reaches the same rates as gendered discrimination against women in the workplace, when measured at a per capita rate, and creates a situation in which homosexual and transgendered individuals typically earn 10 or more percent less income than their heterosexual peers (Croteau, 1996). With this, sexual orientation-based discrimination is a significant problem in American society. In a broad sense, the pervasiveness of this discrimination is facilitated by the significant permeation of religious bias into Americas ostensibly secular democracy and civil society. Tangibly, large religious organizations such as the Catholic and†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, throughout the civil rights struggle that began in the mid 20th century, and which led to the drafting of significant anti-discrimination legislation in the United States, neither legislation or judicial preced ent has specifically designated the LGBT community as a protected class at the federal level, in contrast to the protections of this type provided to ethnic and racial minorities as well as the disabled, amongst other minorities (Wintermute, 2002, 38-39). With this, there is no overarching federal protection for LGBT individuals suffering from discrimination in either the public sphere or the workplace. While some states, notably California, New York, Vermont, and a few others have adopted legislation protecting LGBT individuals from discrimination in the workplace, all of this legislation suffers from inconsistent enforcement (Cavico et al., 2012, 3). With this, it is apparent that the anti-LGBT sentiment that permeates the American public sphere, buttressed by the countrys intense political polarization on socio-religious issues, has led to an inadequate protection of the LGBT minority from discrimination in the workplace. BUSINESS DIMENSIONS OF ANTI-LGBT DISCRIMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES Moving to the business context of this anti-LGBT discrimination itself, the continuously changing nature of mores, norms,Show MoreRelatedEssay On Age Discrimination942 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Discrimination: It is illegal to discriminate based on race, religion, gender, or national original when hiring or in the workplace. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) practice is important in every work places. 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How I Learned to Drive Summary of Play by Paula Vogel

In How I Learned to Drive, a woman nicknamed Lil Bit recalls memories of emotional manipulation and sexual molestation, all of which are tied together with driving lessons. When Uncle Peck volunteers to teach his niece how to drive, he uses the private time as an opportunity to take advantage of the girl. Much of the story is told in reverse, starting with the protagonist in her teen years and echoing back to the first occurrence of molestation (when she is only eleven years old). The Good As the chair of Yales Playwriting Department, Paula Vogel hopes that each of her students will embrace originality. In an interview on YouTube, Vogel seeks playwrights who are fearless and want to experiment, who want to make sure that they never write the same play twice. She leads by example; Vogels work lives up to the same expectations. Compare How I Learned to Drive with her AIDS tragicomedy The Baltimore Waltz, and youll understand how her plot-lines and style vary from one play to the next. Some of the many strengths of How I Learned to Drive  include: Humor and wit steer the play away from over-bearing life lessons.A mock-Greek chorus allows for a multitude of interesting characters.Its never boring: the non-linear style jumps from one year to the next. The Not-So-Good Because the play strives not to preach in the style of an ABC After School Special, theres a sense of (intentional) moral ambiguity spread throughout the play. Near the end of this drama, Lil Bit wonders aloud, Who did it to you, Uncle Peck? How old were you? Were you eleven? The implication is that the child molester was himself a victim, and while that may be a common thread among real-life predators, it doesnt explain the level of sympathy that is offered to a creep like Peck. Check out the end of her monologue when Lil Bit compares her Uncle to the Flying Dutchman: And I see Uncle Peck in my mind, in his Chevy 56, a spirit driving up and down the back roads of Carolina - looking for a young girl who, of her own free will, will love him. Release him. The details mentioned above are all psychologically realistic elements, all of which make for great discussion in the classroom or the theater lobby. However, there is a scene in the middle of the play, a lengthy monologue delivered by Uncle Peck, which depicts him fishing with a young boy and luring him into a tree house to take advantage of the poor kid. Basically, Uncle Peck is a pathetic, repulsive serial-molester with a coating of nice guy/car enthusiast. The character Lil Bit is not his only victim, a fact to be mindful of if the reader leans towards pity for the antagonist. The Playwrights Goals According to a PBS interview, playwright Paula Vogel felt dissatisfied looking at the movie-of-the-week approach, and decided to create How I Learned to Drive as an homage to Nabokovs Lolita, focusing on the female perspective instead of the male point-of-view. The result is a play that depicts a pedophile as a very flawed, yet very human character. The audience may be disgusted by his actions, but Vogel, in the same interview, feels that its a mistake to demonize the people who hurt us, and thats how I wanted to approach the play. The result is a drama that combines humor, pathos, psychology and raw emotions. Is Uncle Peck Really a Slime Ball? Yes. He definitely is. However, he is not as invidious or as violent as the antagonists from movies such as The Lovely Bones or Joyce Carol Oatss story, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? In each of those narratives, the villains are predatory, seeking to victimize and then eliminate the victim. In contrast, Uncle Peck actually hopes to develop a normal long-term romantic relationship with his niece. During several incidents throughout the play, Peck continues to tell her I wont do anything until you want me to. These intimate albeit disturbing moments generate feelings of trust and control within Lil Bit, when in truth her uncle is instilling a cycle of abnormal, self-destructive behavior that will affect the protagonist well into adulthood. During the scenes in which Lil Bit discusses her present-day life as an adult woman, she indicates that she has become dependent on alcohol, and on at least one occasion she has seduced a teenage boy, perhaps to have the same sort of control and influence her uncle once possessed over her. Uncle Peck is not the only loathsome character in the play. Lil Bits family members, including her mother, are oblivious to the warning signs of a sexual predator. The grandfather is openly misogynistic. Worst of all, Uncle Pecks wife (Lil Bits aunt) knows of her husbands incestuous relationship, but she does nothing to stop him. You have probably heard of the phrase, It takes a village to raise a child. Well, in the case of How I Learned to Drive, it takes a village to destroy a childs innocence.

The Diversity Of Human Resources Management - 1444 Words

In the modern world, every organization and/or business carries out their business in several countries. Multi-national companies will and can adopt different strategies through the people, their employees. The ethical challenges, political and economic instabilities, and globalization are issues that are also faced by today business firms are what Human Resource management is all about. In this diversity of Human Resources Management (HRM), the organizations adopt the practices and policies according to the environment and culture. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) is required by federal and state laws governing on employment. EEO provides for equal access to employment opportunities, and prohibits discrimination based on the race,†¦show more content†¦Yes, the female has a growing presence in the total force and stems to their equal rights and or equality. There has been controversy that they are not fit or able to complete duties on the front lines with those who are of the opposite gender. Recently their voices have been heard and been training with the Army’s elite group, the Green Berets and some have endured the training. Today in the military females have proven themselves through the ranks and mentioned earlier have also proving themselves in the battle field. Uses of Job Analysis provides critical inputs to management decision- making particularly in relation to the recruitment and selection of personnel analysis reveals the areas in which the new employee has to be trained to successfully perform the tasks in the assigned job. This also provided critical information about work relationships in a particular unit or department as well as among departments in the whole organization. This also assist management in coming up with standards for work performance also serve as a tool for evaluating jobs in the organization management. It can also be guided to determine the movement of employees by promotion, demotion, transfer, layoff, or resignation. Development of human resources is essential for any organization that would like to be dynamic and growth-oriented. Unlike other types resources, human

Trending Question Is Crime is a Socially Constructed Phenomenon

Questions: Crime is a socially constructed phenomenon'. Discuss this statement with reference to: a) The criminological schools of thought; b) The emergence of the victim in criminological thought; c) Different definitions of crime; and d) Measuring crime and victimisation. Answers: Introduction: One of the major social menaces is crime. It makes the society into the hazards. In present society crimes and criminals are very much affective as to the harm of the society. The basic concept of crime signifies that it is the breach of the right of an individual and these breaches will not only the breach of right but also it causes harm to the body or property of that individual. Crime denotes causing harm to the body or property of a person (Treadwell, 2006). In every country there are some specific laws relating to the crimes, breaching any of those laws is to be penalized according to the provision specified in the concern statute. If any person causes harm with the intension to cause such harm to another person then that person shall be liable for punishment in accordance with the penal provision of the country. In committing a criminal activity the intention from the part of the person who is going to commit the crime is very much essential to evaluate the crime s well as the implication of the punishment to the person who has committed the criminal activity. Any person who commits any criminal act is known as criminal. For the proper governance and keeping social security crimes must be eliminated in an adequate manner, it is the obligation from the part of the concern government to make essential laws in relation to control and elimination of crimes from the society (Liu and Yang, 2007). a) The criminological schools of thought: In the concept of criminology, the Classical School generally refers in the direction of the work for the duration of the Enlightenment by the utilitarian and social-contract philosophers Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria in the 18th century. Their attention lies down in the structure of criminal justice and penology and, in a roundabout way, in the course of the proposition so as to "human beings are a manipulative animal", in the grounds of the criminal behavior. The Classical School of thought be premised on the thought that public encompass free will in creation of decisions, and that punishment be able to be a restriction for crime, on condition that the retribution is proportional, hysterics the crime, and is approved promptly (Karmen, 2013). In the middle of 18th century, criminology took place at the same time as the social philosophers presented their contemplation as to crime and perception of law. With the passing of time, more than a few schools of thought have enlisted their feet in the legal phenomena. There were three major schools of thought in near the beginning of criminological theory across the period from the middle of 18th century to the middle of twentieth century; Positive ,Classical, and Chicago. These schools of thought were out of date by numerous modern paradigms of criminology, like the control, sub-culture, labeling, strain, critical criminology, postmodern criminology, cultural criminology, feminist criminology (Gray, 2004). b) The emergence of the victim in criminological thought: In every criminal activity there must be a victim upon whom the crime has been implicated. The victim suffers from the loss or injury or both by the act of the person who has committed the crime. The person who commits the crime is known as the criminal and in the proceedings that person is known as an accused. Whenever any criminal act implicated upon a person that is upon the victim, the victim falls in a very difficult and in an emergence kind of situation. Here, the victim may have to suffer from either any kind of loss relating to his property or any kind of bodily injury implicated to him by the criminals. In such a situation the victim falls in an emergence situation as to rescue his or her property from the hand of the criminals or to rescue himself or herself from the injury implicated. In case of implication of any injury, the victim may be in such a situation that he is not able to rescue himself from the ongoing circumstances (Yaffe, 2014). For the purpose of restraining criminal activity appropriate strict in nature laws must be enacted and the acts relating to any sought of crime must penalized to a good extend. But by way of enacting statutes and laws is not enough, the actual implementation of the concern laws must be done in a prosperous manner and the executive bodies must be well capable in relation to the proper execution of the enacted laws relating to restraining criminal acts. The main executive body in relation to the criminal acts and the proper improvisation of the relevant statutory provisions is the police. And there are many other competent higher authorities are also there for the purpose of keeping social phenomena free from crimes as well as to look after the major criminal acts which may affect in a larger prospect (Shiner, 2009). c) Different definitions of crime: Each state restrains a specific series of acts which are prohibited and punishable by the state authority, implicated by the judicial system, the punishment may be a fine or imprisonment or both or any other kind of punishment, and this limited series of acts can be recognized as criminal acts, the punishment for committing such an act is governed by the concern penal statute of the nation (Zedner, 2012). According to Jeff Marsh, "An act crime is a unlawful act of such a manner that the State considers it compulsory, in the interests of the public in general, to suppress it; for its replication would be injurious to the society as a whole." Here the expert tried to elaborate the meaning of the term crime; it may be any act which depends upon the principals laid down by the state authority and punishable under the concern legislation framed by the competent legislatures in relation to the criminal activity (Carrabine et al. 2014). In accordance with the definition given by Pollard, crime denotes any wrongful act with the intention to do that, which violates the right of any other person by causing damage to the property of that person or by causing any sought of bodily injury to that person. Here, the state authority is responsible to take necessary steps in relation to restrict this kind of acts and to provide social security to the public in general (Walklate, 2007). The term crime signifies any wrongful act by which the right of any other person has been infringed by causing damage to the belongings of that person or by causing any kind of physical injury to that person. One of the main essential in a criminal act is means rea which means criminal intention from the part of the person who is going to commit the crime. Without criminal intention if any act done which causes injury to the property or body of the victim then it will not amount to a crime but here the burden of proof lies upon the accused person (Sarre, 2012). d) Measuring crime and victimization: For the purpose of restraining the crimes the state authorities have to recognize the major reasons behind the criminal acts, the future probabilities are also to be measured in respect of limiting the criminal acts throughout the territory of the nation. Before making laws or enacting statutes or making any kind of amendments relating to the criminal laws, the actual present scenario in relation to the crimes in the society has to be identified by the state authorities. By way of proper identification of the nature of the crimes effective penal statutes can be enacted like criminal acts may differ from country to country and society to society for example adultery is an offence in India under the Indian Penal Code, 1860 but the same act is not an offence in United Kingdom, here adultery is allowed (Walklate, 2011). Identification of the kind of victimization is necessary in relation to restrict the acts consisting criminal intention. There is a possibility that a particular group of people may be victimized by a certain criminal act, by virtue of that in restraining such an offence special provisions is to be adapted by the legislative bodies of the country. Identification of victimization in relation to making limitation as to the criminal acts is essential for the state authority as well as for gathering the report of further progress in the field of restraining criminal acts (Muncie, 2001). Conclusion: After the above discussion it can be observed that crime is the biggest problem in the present social phenomena, it not only violates the right of another person but it also creates major concern for the state government itself. Criminals are not used do commit crimes after taking birth, the society and circumstances led them to do so for a basis level and their after this basic level goes to the higher towers of crimes. The government should look after the social conditions which may lead an innocent person in path of a hard core criminal. And for the habituated criminals strict penal provisions are to be implicated. References Gray, S. (2004).Criminal laws. Annandale, NSW: Federation Press. Liu, X. and Yang, X. (2007).Xing fa xue zhuan lun =. Beijing: Beijing da xue chu ban she. Shiner, R. (2009). Theorizing Criminal Law Reform.Criminal Law, Philosophy, 3(2), pp.167-186. Yaffe, G. (2014). In Defense of Criminal Possession.Criminal Law, Philosophy. Zedner, L. (2012). 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