Forestry Management Essay -- essays research papers

timbrery Management in Nova ScotiaThe Canadian whole toneland sector has been a strong and vital element of national and regional well being. Through the management, harvesting, processing and marketing of timber resources, Canada has developed a repute of being one of the largest timber resources in the plant industry. However, to maintain this reputation and economic well being there are several issues to address in order to protect and sustain this renewable resource. This paper will steering on the management of the forestry sector, particularly Nova Scotia. It will discuss the initiatives and techniques used of both private wood-lot owners and large industries in developing and implementing a forest management strategy.     Nova Scotia is comprised of numerous forested ecosystems hardwoods, opposites with softwoods and some with a mixture of both species. In order to maintain and develop these various ecosystems it is important to know how forest mana gement impacts not only the forest itself but also other ecosystems within. For example, a clear-cut harvest can be compared to the same impact of a forest fire. However, forest fires do not remove everything which clear-cutting does. Recently clear-cutting techniques have changed to benefit Nova Scotia ecosystems by leaving clumps of trees, snags, and strips of forest to provide travel ways for wildlife. Forestry is also investigating other related issues of ecosystem management. To create and maintain the diversity of trees with a region (i.e. Hardwood and softwood), landowners leave several stands of both young and old growth within natural forest stands to enhance the biodiversity and health of the forest site. Normally clearcutting results in the re-planting of tree seedlings, however some species (spruce, pine) overpower the growth of the hardwood trees. This minimizes the level of specie diversity among a timber stand. By allowing these older sections of stands to remain aids to the natural growth and development of hardwood species. Also, the wood debris, a remnant of old forest growth is essential to the selection of many forest species and also acts as a recycler of nutrients back into the soil. During forest harvesting it is not always necessary to remove all the wood from the lot. stinking or older growth can be left to contribute to the nourishment of natural forests. &nb... ... Systems.      Government of Canada.3) Kaufert, Frank H. Forestry and Related Research in conjugation America. 1995. Society     of American Foresters.4) MacAskill, Ken. 1997. Nova Scotia Forest Production Survey. Nova Scotia Natural     Resources. Government document.5) Natural Resources Canada. 1997. Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable forest      management in Canada. Canadian Council of forest Ministers.6) Nova Scotia Cooperation Agreement for Forestry Development. 1994. Nova &nbs p    Scotias Forest Management Strategy. July 1994. Forestry Canada.7) Nova Scotia Department of Lands and Forests. 1990. Canada / Nova Scotia     Forest Resource Development Agreement 1982-1989 "An Overview."     December 13, 1990. Forestry Canada.8) Nova Scotia Natural Resources. 1997. Toward Sustainable Forestry. Government     document.9) Provincial Forest Practices Improvement Board. 1976. Our Forests. Nova Scotia      Forestry Association.

How the Media Affects the Self Esteem and Body Image of Young Girls Ess

The misconception of what is beautiful can be detrimental to young girls. In a television fabrication attempt to sell goods, they are depicted as intimate. Cralimentation a need for parents to intervene and present a more realistic and normal view of strong-arm beauty. Today, TV presents sexually based images crafted to appeal to young girls. Unfortunately, they are led to believe that their value is only skin deep, causing flawed expectations, illusions, and wrong discipline about the truth of the physical body in the real world. In an attempt to look the part some have fallen victim to eating disorders, while others have exchanged childhood innocence for an Adult view of what is sexy.When girls are disheartened over their inability to look like some media beau ideal or doll, then it is time to pay attention and ask why. Psychologist Levine and Kilbourne, emphasize a need to stay more connected, and finding out why children odour they have to compete with the images of pe ople they see in the media (So Sexy So Soon 27). The idea of looking sexy may be fine for adults, further the notion of sexy little girls is somehow disturbing. TV is setting the agenda and succeeding as it paints the perfect girl, as tall, skinny, tan, pretty, and rich. TV commercials sell sexy because sexy sells, and is now targeting younger audiences. A preteen viewing a Bratz Dolls commercial will be prompted to visit their web site, where she will be greeted with attractive dolls urbane in sexy outfits. The dolls portray an image of teenage girls with large attractive eyes, lush glossy lips, and dressed in the latest fashion.Psychologists Lamb and Brown exploit the following observation Dressing for fashion ala Barbie or Lil Bratz dolls and dressing for physical ... ...ldren is the objective. All commerce works on supply and collect if consumers continue to buy into selling sexy to kids, then these negative outcomes will continue.Works CitedCrow, Scott J. et al. Incr eased mortality in bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry. 166. 12. (2009) 1342+. General OneFile. Web. 25 Nov. 2010.Hibberd, James Tuned-in kids get turned on earlier study links adult-aimed TV to sex at younger age. Hollywood Reporter 409.35 (2009) 6+. General OneFile. Web. 4 Nov. 2010.Lamb, Sharon, Lyn Mikel Brown. Packaging Girlhood. Rescuing Our Daughters From Marketers Schemes. New York. St Martins Press, 2006 303. Print. Levine, Diane E, Jean Kilbourne. So Sexy So Soon. Ballantine Books, 2009 209. Print.Did You Know That? Skipping Stones. May-Aug. 2009 29. General OneFile. Web. 4 Nov. 2010.

The Beatles :: Essay on The Beatles

The BeatlesIt was new It was wild It was weird But for the 608, it was fabulousOn February 12, 1964 in nonagenarian Camegie Hall, the place in New York where classicalmusicians played, there was music history being made that day by four young musicians. Theirmusic was loud. It came move out of the electric amplifiers that was drowned out byscreams of fans The musicians emerged on the scene like fireworks Thousands of teenagerspacked Carnegie Hall. They squealed, groaned, howled and stamped their feet until the oldbuilding shook Outside stood crowds of young people difficult to catch a glimpse of the newsound that was emerging fl-om the old building. The sign outside of Carnegie Hall saidTHE BEATLESPuzzled adults were asking, "Who are the Beatles?" and "What are the Beatles?" They would briefly find out.A quartet of extraordinarily talented British musicians whom John Lennon started as "TheQuarryrnen". They were working class heros, all born in Liverpool, E ngland. Paul McCartney linked in 1957, George Harrison in 1958 and Ringo Star in 1962.One of the guitarist in the group, John Lennon (October 9, 1940-December 8,1980) wasborn to Fred and Julia Lennon who divorced when John was three. He was brought up by hisaunt Mimi and Uncle George. John hated school, discipline and the teachers who always abusedhim. Even though he was often in trouble, it did not mean he did everything bad. He was direct atthe age of 16 to Liverpool Art College where he prototypal heard Elvis Presley sing " Heart BreakHotel. From that day on music was everything to John. His first group started in 1955 and wasnamed, "The Quanymen". There were several different individuals in the band. John marriedYoko Ono in 1969. On December 8, 1980, John and Yoka were leaving their New York urban centerapartment, when 25 year old Mark David Chapman shot and killed John Lennon.James Paul McCartney was born June 8, 1942 to Mary and Jim McCartney, who was acotton sa lesman during the day and a roll in the hay musicians at night. Paul grew up with music and joinedthe band in 1961. John Lennon and Paul wrote and sang virtually of the Beatles songs. Theyeventually established themselves as the most popular song writing team in rock history.George Harrison was born February 25, 1943 to Mr .and Mrs. Harold Harrison, a busAt a young age, George showed his independent nature by wearing jeans and growing hishair long. Georges strict parents soon toned down his rebellion.

Carribbean Mist :: essays research papers

Caribbean MistWeb ProjectRecommendation ReportOverviewThis piece provides Caribbean Mist Inc. Tanning Spa, with a well detailed recommendation for a weathervane point that would cater to the companys needs. In order to create a beneficial web site and write a good report we need to have a general understanding of your needs. From our extensive research we can see that the main goal for the companys web site is to attract more customers and provide customers with more information regarding your services. Both goals are addressed in the recommendations for the web site so that it will hit its full potential. In this report we will analyze and contextualize our teams field research so that we can give recommendations for a web site that meets the standards of Caribbean Mist. After looking over what we had gathered from our research we began to see what Caribbean Mist is looking for in this web site and what restrictions and standards you are forced to comply with. The report provid es recommendations for advertising for the web site, web site design, where to host the web site, and the context on the web site. Each recommendation is well stated and provides descriptive move or actions, supported by research, that the company must perform in order to fulfill the recommendation. Along with the description, we will provide a rationale on why the option we chose will best suit your needs. Lastly, each recommendation presents Caribbean Mist with a step by step procedure of what needs to be done and how long it will take. To assist Caribbean Mist with our recommendations, we have also included a cost analysis of each recommendation that is given so that you will know exactly how much each step will cost and how much money will be needed to get the flip started. AnalysisOur team executed a number of things to produce our recommendations. We did field research, an interview, and market research. Our field research consisted of an in-depth observation of Caribbean Mi st while they were open for business. This gave us a better idea of what types of customers come into Caribbean Mist and how often. We also conducted an interview with the manager to get a better idea of what Caribbean Mist wants in a web site. We conducted market research by examining other tanning company web sites to see what is popular in the industry.

The Nature of Power Essays -- Literary Analysis, Joy Kogawa

In the book, Obasan, Joy Kogawa uses imagery to convey different symbolic meanings in Naomis life. Naomi goes through a journey in the novel to uncover the truth of her departed. One of the some literary elements that the novel possesses is animal imagery that emphasizes meaning and contributes to the novels theme. Several animals are mentioned throughout the novel to bring Naomis emotions and her journey. Kogawa utilizes the several instances of animal imagery in her novel, Obasan, to proclaim the nature of agency, both physically and emotionally, and the victim of powerNaomi. Animals such as the chicks represent Naomis helplessness and honour as she lived in a world without her gravel or knowledge of her history. The animals that Kogawa uses, kittens, chicks, and birds, are not strong enough against valets. They are not lions or tigers that smoke do harm upon other animals or hu art object beings, therefore this makes them easily threatened and killed by power.Throughout t he novel, the animals are controlled by humans, the same way Naomi is controlled by the adults around her. Naomi relates to the animals and often dreams roughly them for example, she dreams of an encounter with a couple who owns a beast. It is either a dog or a lion, Naomi does not know, but she knows that it belongs to the man. Its subjection is phenomenal (35). The word phenomenal signifies how much the man has control over his dogso much that the creature turns out to be a robot. It has no feelings and is easily manipulated, it cannot run away or raise up backthe same way Naomi is in the novel. An adult who frightens Naomi greatly with domination over her unlike anyone else is overaged Man Gower. He forces himself on her, using his transfer and words, both physical... ...og is able to escape with its healed leg the frog is able to move on from its past unlike Naomi. Kogawas strategy to use animals in her novel, Obasan, is for a reason, as well as what kinds of animals. The animals and Naomi live in an un in force(p) world where power is used to prevail them, ends the animals lives, and affects Naomi for a long period of time. Naomi goes through a journey but does not overcome the nature of power that has haunted her since childhood. She remains the victim of power even out as she finds out the truth about her mother and goes back to the coulee at the end. By using the animals, Kogawa shows how complicated Naomis journey is, how she is has to remain silent, she is excluded from her family, and carries the past with her even at thirty-six. Kogawa is sending the message that animals are just as fragile and easily threatened as humans. The Nature of Power Essays -- Literary Analysis, Joy KogawaIn the book, Obasan, Joy Kogawa uses imagery to convey different symbolic meanings in Naomis life. Naomi goes through a journey in the novel to uncover the truth of her past. One of the many literary elements that the novel possesses is animal ima gery that emphasizes meaning and contributes to the novels theme. Several animals are mentioned throughout the novel to represent Naomis emotions and her journey. Kogawa utilizes the several instances of animal imagery in her novel, Obasan, to reveal the nature of power, both physically and emotionally, and the victim of powerNaomi. Animals such as the chicks represent Naomis helplessness and innocence as she lived in a world without her mother or knowledge of her history. The animals that Kogawa uses, kittens, chicks, and birds, are not strong enough against humans. They are not lions or tigers that can do harm upon other animals or human beings, therefore this makes them easily threatened and killed by power.Throughout the novel, the animals are controlled by humans, the same way Naomi is controlled by the adults around her. Naomi relates to the animals and often dreams about them for example, she dreams of an encounter with a couple who owns a beast. It is either a dog or a lion, Naomi does not know, but she knows that it belongs to the man. Its obedience is phenomenal (35). The word phenomenal signifies how much the man has control over his dogso much that the creature turns out to be a robot. It has no feelings and is easily manipulated, it cannot run away or fight backthe same way Naomi is in the novel. An adult who frightens Naomi greatly with domination over her unlike anyone else is Old Man Gower. He forces himself on her, using his hands and words, both physical... ...og is able to escape with its healed leg the frog is able to move on from its past unlike Naomi. Kogawas strategy to use animals in her novel, Obasan, is for a reason, as well as what kinds of animals. The animals and Naomi live in an unjust world where power is used to dominate them, ends the animals lives, and affects Naomi for a long period of time. Naomi goes through a journey but does not overcome the nature of power that has haunted her since childhood. She remains the victim of power even as she finds out the truth about her mother and goes back to the coulee at the end. By using the animals, Kogawa shows how complicated Naomis journey is, how she is has to remain silent, she is excluded from her family, and carries the past with her even at thirty-six. Kogawa is sending the message that animals are just as fragile and easily threatened as humans.

The Nature of Power Essays -- Literary Analysis, Joy Kogawa

In the book, Obasan, Joy Kogawa offices resourcefulness to father different symbolic meanings in Naomis life. Naomi goes through a journey in the novel to uncover the justness of her past. One of the many literary elements that the novel possesses is living creature imagery that emphasizes meaning and contributes to the novels theme. Several animals atomic number 18 mentioned through come forward the novel to represent Naomis emotions and her journey. Kogawa utilizes the several instances of animal imagery in her novel, Obasan, to reveal the nature of power, both physically and emotionally, and the victim of powerNaomi. Animals such as the chicks represent Naomis helplessness and innocence as she lived in a world without her m different or knowledge of her history. The animals that Kogawa uses, kittens, chicks, and birds, are non strong enough against humans. They are not lions or tigers that can do harm upon other animals or human beings, therefore this makes them advantageo usly endanger and killed by power.Throughout the novel, the animals are controlled by humans, the same dash Naomi is controlled by the adults around her. Naomi relates to the animals and often dreams about(predicate) them for example, she dreams of an encounter with a couple who owns a beast. It is both a furrow or a lion, Naomi does not know, but she knows that it belongs to the man. Its obedience is phenomenal (35). The word phenomenal signifies how much the man has control over his dogso much that the creature turns out to be a robot. It has no feelings and is easily manipulated, it cannot run out-of-door or fight backthe same way Naomi is in the novel. An adult who frightens Naomi greatly with domination over her unlike anyone else is Old Man Gower. He forces himself on her, using his hands and words, both physical... ...og is able to get off with its healed leg the frog is able to move on from its past unlike Naomi. Kogawas strategy to use animals in her novel, Obasan, i s for a reason, as well as what kinds of animals. The animals and Naomi live in an unjust world where power is used to dominate them, ends the animals lives, and affects Naomi for a long compass point of time. Naomi goes through a journey but does not overcome the nature of power that has haunted her since childhood. She remains the victim of power even as she finds out the truth about her mother and goes back to the coulee at the end. By using the animals, Kogawa shows how complicated Naomis journey is, how she is has to remain silent, she is excluded from her family, and carries the past with her even at thirty-six. Kogawa is sending the center that animals are just as fragile and easily threatened as humans. The Nature of Power Essays -- Literary Analysis, Joy KogawaIn the book, Obasan, Joy Kogawa uses imagery to convey different symbolic meanings in Naomis life. Naomi goes through a journey in the novel to uncover the truth of her past. One of the many literar y elements that the novel possesses is animal imagery that emphasizes meaning and contributes to the novels theme. Several animals are mentioned throughout the novel to represent Naomis emotions and her journey. Kogawa utilizes the several instances of animal imagery in her novel, Obasan, to reveal the nature of power, both physically and emotionally, and the victim of powerNaomi. Animals such as the chicks represent Naomis helplessness and innocence as she lived in a world without her mother or knowledge of her history. The animals that Kogawa uses, kittens, chicks, and birds, are not strong enough against humans. They are not lions or tigers that can do harm upon other animals or human beings, therefore this makes them easily threatened and killed by power.Throughout the novel, the animals are controlled by humans, the same way Naomi is controlled by the adults around her. Naomi relates to the animals and often dreams about them for example, she dreams of an encounter with a coupl e who owns a beast. It is either a dog or a lion, Naomi does not know, but she knows that it belongs to the man. Its obedience is phenomenal (35). The word phenomenal signifies how much the man has control over his dogso much that the creature turns out to be a robot. It has no feelings and is easily manipulated, it cannot run away or fight backthe same way Naomi is in the novel. An adult who frightens Naomi greatly with domination over her unlike anyone else is Old Man Gower. He forces himself on her, using his hands and words, both physical... ...og is able to escape with its healed leg the frog is able to move on from its past unlike Naomi. Kogawas strategy to use animals in her novel, Obasan, is for a reason, as well as what kinds of animals. The animals and Naomi live in an unjust world where power is used to dominate them, ends the animals lives, and affects Naomi for a long period of time. Naomi goes through a journey but does not overcome the nature of power that has haunte d her since childhood. She remains the victim of power even as she finds out the truth about her mother and goes back to the coulee at the end. By using the animals, Kogawa shows how complicated Naomis journey is, how she is has to remain silent, she is excluded from her family, and carries the past with her even at thirty-six. Kogawa is sending the message that animals are just as fragile and easily threatened as humans.

Conformity in Psychology Essay

IntroductionImagine yourself in the following detail You sign up for a psychological science experi manpowert, and on a specified date you and seven close to another(prenominal)(a)s whom you think are also subjects arrive and are seated at a set back in a small room. You dont know it at the time, but the others are actually associates of the es orderer, and their behaviour has been carefully scripted. Youre the besides real subject. The experimenter arrives and tells you that the study in which you are about to participate concerns states visual judgments. She places deuce cards before you. The card on the leftover contains star vertical zephyr. The card on the indemnify(a) displays three lines of varying length. The experimenter asks all of you, one at a time, to choose which of the three lines on the right card matches the length of the line on the left card.The undertaking is repeated several times with contrastive cards. On some occasions the other subjects nem c on choose the wrong line. It is transcend to you that they are wrong, but they direct all given the same answer. What would you do? Would you go along with the majority opinion, or would you oarlock to your guns and trust your own eyes? This is the situation in adaptity. People die hard to con skeletal frame in situations such as that stated above either by a desire to decease in or be liked (normative) or because of a desire to be mitigate ( studyal) or simply to conform to a well-disposed role (identification). This study is going to be focused on human bes, their tendency to conform and the reasons why they conform. consent in psychologyConformityis the act of matching attitudes, beliefs and behaviour to assemblage norms. It is the typeface of neighborly forge involving a change in belief or behaviour in army to fit in with a group. . Norms are implicit rules shared by a group of individuals, that guide their interactions with others and among society or social gr oup. People tend to conform when in small groups and/or society as a whole. It is as a result of subtle unconscious influences or direct and unconcealed social pressure. People could even conform when they are alone i.e. eating or watching television. This change is in response to real (involving the carnal social movement of others) or imagined (involving the presence of social norms and/or expectations) group pressure. According to Crutchfield (1955), compliancy female genitalia be defined as yielding to group pressures which could take the form of bullying, criticism, persuasion, teasing etc.Conformity is also known as majority influence (or group pressure). It is often brought up by a desire to fit in or to be liked (normative) or because of a desire to be correct (informational), or simply to conform to social role (identification).though peer pressure could manifest negatively, ossification can have a bad or good effect depending on the situation. Driving on the correct side of the road could be seen as a beneficial accordance of rights. Conformity influencesformation and maintenance of social norms, and helps societies serve up smoothly and predictably via the self-elimination of behaviours seen as inappropriate to written rules. In this sense, it can be perceived as (though not proven to be) a positive force that prevents acts that are perceptually disruptive or dangerous.The term conformity is often used to indicate an agreement to the majority congeal, brought about either by a desire to fit in or be liked (normative) or because of a desire to be correct (informational), or simply to conform to a social role (identification). There have been many experiments in psychology investigating conformity and group pressure. What affects Conformity?CultureBerry studied two different populations the Temne (collectivists) and the Inuit (individualists) and engraft that the Temne conformed much than the Inuit when opened to a conformity task. Bond a nd Smith compared, (1996) 134 studies in a meta-analysis and found that Japan and Brazil were two nations that conformed a lot whereas Europe and the United States of the States did not as much.GenderSocietal norms often establish gender differences.There are differences in the way men and women conform to social influence. Social psychologists, Alice Eagly and Linda Carli performed a meta-analysis of 148 studies of influenceability. They found that women are more persuadable and more conforming than men in group pressure situations that involve surveillance. In situations not involving surveillance, women are slight likely to conform. Eagly has proposed that this sex difference may be due to different sex roles in society. Women are generally taught to be more agreeable whereas men are taught to be more independent.The composition of the group plays a role in conformity as well. In a study by Reitan and Shaw, it was found that men and women conformed more when there were participa nts of both sexes involved versus participants of the same sex. Subjects in the groups with both sexes were more apprehensive when there was a discrepancy amongst groupmembers, and thus the subjects reported that they doubted their own judgments. Sistrunk and McDavid made the hypothesis that women conformed more because of a methodological bias. They argued that because stereotypes used in studies are generally male ones (sports, cars) more than female ones (cooking, excogitate), women are feeling uncertain and conformed more, which was confirmed by their results.Size of the groupMilgram and his colleagues found that if one individual stops and stares at the sky, solely 4% of the people would stop as well and 40% would look at the sky, whereas if fifteen confederates do it, those numbers become respectively 40% and 90%.Psychologist picture on ConformityJenness (1932) was the first psychologist to study conformity. His experiment was an ambiguous situation involving a glass bottle ful filled with beans. He asked participants individually to estimate how many beans the bottle contained. Jenness consequently put the group in a room with the bottle, and asked them to provide a group estimate through discussion. Participants were then asked to estimate the number on their own again to find whether their initial estimates had altered based on the influence of the majority. Jenness then interviewed the participants individually again, and asked if they would like to change their original estimates, or catch with the groups estimate. Al nearly all changed their individual guesses to be closer to the group estimate.Another experiment performed on conformity was the Sherif Autokinetic Effect experiment. Sherif (1935)Autokinetic Effect ExperimentAim Sherif (1935) conducted an experiment with the aim of demonstrating that people conform to group norms when they are put in an ambiguous (i.e. unclear) situation. Method Sherif used a lab experiment to study conformity. H e used the autokinetic effect this is where a small spot of light (projected onto a screen) in a dark room will break through to move, even though it is still (i.e. it is a visual illusion).It was discovered that when participants were individually tested their estimates on how far the light moved varied considerably (e.g. from 20cm to 80cm). The participants were then tested in groups of three. Sherif manipulated the composition of the group by putting together two people whose estimate of the light movement when alone was very quasi(prenominal), and one soulfulness whose estimate was very different. Each person in the group had to say aloud how far they thought the light had moved. Results Sherif found that over legion(predicate) estimates (trials) of the movement of light, the group converged to a common estimate.As the figure below shows the person whose estimate of movement was greatly different to the other two in the group conformed to the view of the other two. Sherif s aid that this showed that people would always tend to conform. Rather than make individual judgments they tend to come to a group agreement. cobblers last The results show that when in an ambiguous situation (such as the autokinetic effect), a person will look to others (who know more / better) for guidance (i.e. adopt the group norm). They urgency to do the right thing but may lack the appropriate information. Observing others can provide this information. This is known as informational conformity.Types of ConformityMan (1969) states that the core of conformity is yielding to group pressure. He identified three types of conformity Normative, informational and ingratiational. Harvard psychologist HerbertKelman (1958) distinguished between three different types of conformity residence, Internalization and identification. Compliance is public conformity, while possibly keeping ones own original beliefs for yourself . Compliance is motivated by the read for approval and the fear of being rejected Identification is conforming to someone who is liked and respected, such as a celebrity or a favourite uncle. This can be motivated by the attractiveness of the source,11 and this is a deeper type of conformism than compliance. Internalization is accepting the belief or behaviour and conforming both publicly and privately, if the source is credible. It is the deepest influence on people and it will affect them for a long time. Although Kelmans distinction has been influential, research in social psychology hasfocused primarily on two varieties of conformity.These are informational conformity, or informational social influence, and normative conformity, also called normative social influence. In Kelmans terminology, these correspond to internalization and compliance, respectively. There are of course more than two or three inconsistents in society influential on human psychology and conformity the notion of varieties of conformity based upon social influence is am biguous and indefinable in this context. For Deutsch and Grard (1955), conformity results from a motivational conflict (between the fear of being socially rejected and the wish to say what we think is correct) that leads to the normative influence, and a cognitive conflict (others create doubts in what we think) which leads to the informational influence.Informational influenceInformational social influence occurs when one turns to the members of ones group to observe and accept accurate information about reality. A person is most likely to use informational social influence in certain situations when a situation is ambiguous, people become uncertain about what to do and they are more likely to depend on others for the answer and during a crisis when immediate action is necessary, in spite of panic. Looking to other people can help ease fears, but unfortunately they are not always right. The more knowledgeable a person is, the more valuable they are as a resource. Thus people often turn to experts for help. But once again people must be careful, as experts can make mistakes too. Informational social influence often results in internalization or private acceptance, where a person genuinely remembers that the information is right. Informational influence seems to be what happened during Sherifs study.Normative influenceNormative social influence occurs when one conforms to be liked or accepted by the members of the group. This need of social approval and acceptance is part of our state of humans. In addition to this, we know that when people do not conform with their group and therefore are deviants, they are less liked and even punished by the group. Normative influence usually results in public compliance, doing or saying something without believing in it. The experiment of Asch in 1951 is one example of normative influence In a reinterpretation of the original data from these experiments Hodges andGeyer (2006) found that Aschs subjects were not so conformi ng aft(prenominal) all The experiments provide powerful evidence for peoples tendency to tell the truth even when others do not.They also provide oblige evidence of peoples concern for others and their views. By closely examining the situation in which Aschs subjects find themselves they find that the situation places multiple demands on participants They entangle truth (i.e., expressing ones own view accurately), trust (i.e., taking seriously the value of others claims), and social solidarity (i.e., a commitment to integrate the views of self and others without depreciating either). In addition to these epistemic values, there are multiple moral claims as well These include the need for participants to care for the integrity and well-being of other participants, the experimenter, themselves, and the worth of scientific research. Deutsch & Grard (1955) designed different situations that variated from Asch experiment and found that when participants were writing their answer priv ately, they were giving the correct one Normative influence, a function of social impact theory, has three components.The number of people in the group has a surprising effect. As the number increases, each person has less of an impact. A groups strength is how important the group is to a person. Groups we value generally have more social influence. Immediacy is how close the group is in time and space when the influence is taking place. Psychologists have constructed a mathematical model using these three factors and are able to predict the amount of conformity that occurs with some degree of the true. Baron and his colleagues conducted a second eyewitness study that focused on normative influence. In this version, the task was easier. Each participant had basketball team seconds to look at a slide instead of just one second. Once again, there were both high and low motives to be accurate, but the results were the renounce of the first study.The low motivation group conformed 33 % of the time (similar to Aschs findings). The high motivation group conformed less at 16%. These results show that when accuracy is not very important, it is better to get the wrong answer than to risk social disapproval. An experiment using procedures similar to Aschs found that there was importantly less conformity in six-person groups of friends as compared to six-person groups of strangers. Because friends already know and accept each other, there may be less normative pressure to conform in some situations.Field studies on cigarette and inebriant abuse, however, generally demonstrate evidence of friends exerting normative social influence on each other.nonage influenceAlthough conformity generally leads individuals to think and act more like groups, individuals are occasionally able to reverse this tendency and change the people more or less them. This is known as minority influence, a special case of informational influence. Minority influence is most likely when people can make a clear and consistent case for their point of view. If the minority fluctuates and shows uncertainty, the chance of influence is small. However, a minority that makes a strong, convincing case increases the probability of changing the majoritys beliefs and behaviours.Minority members who are perceived as experts, are high in status, or have benefited the group in the past are also more likely to succeed. Another form of minority influence can sometimes override conformity effects and lead to unhealthy group dynamics. A 2007 polish of two dozen studies by the University of Washington found that a single bad apple (an inconsiderate or negligent group member) can advantageously increase conflicts and reduce performance in work groups. boastful apples often create a negative emotional climate that interferes with healthy group functioning. They can be avoided by careful selection procedures and managed by reassigning them to positions that require less social interaction.All t hese are illustrated in the table belowNormative ConformityInformational ConformityYielding to group pressure because a person wants to fit in with the group. E.g. Asch Line Study. Conforming because the person is scared of being rejected by the group. This type of conformity usually involves compliance where a person publicly accepts the views of a group but privately rejects them.This usually occurs when a person lacks knowledge and looks to the group for guidance. Or when a person is in an ambiguous (i.e. unclear) situation and socially compares their behavior with the group. E.g. Sherif Study. This type of conformity usually involves internalization where a person accepts the views of the groups and adopts them as an individual.ComplianceInternalizationPublicly changing behaviour to fit in with the group while privately disagreeing. In other words, conforming to the majority (publicly), in spite of not really agreeing with them (privately). This is seen in Aschs line experimen t.Publicly changing behavior to fit in with the group and also agreeing with them privately. This is seen in Sherifs autokinetic experiment.Ingratiational ConformityIdentificationWhere a person conforms to impress or gain favor/acceptance from other people. It is similar to normative influence but is motivated by the need for social rewards preferably than the threat of rejection, i.e., group pressure does not enter the decision to conform.Conforming to the expectations of a social role. Similar to compliance, there does not have to be a change in private opinion. A good example is Zimbardos Prison Study.Source Mann, L (1969). Social Psychology. parvenue York Wiley.Sherif, M. (1935). A study of some social factors in perception. Archives of Psychology, 27(187) .However, perhaps the most famous conformity experiment was by Solomon Asch (1951) and his line judgment experiment.Solomon Asch Paradigm/ExperimentThe Asch experiment or paradigmIt is closely related to the Stanford prison and Miligan experiment, in that it tries to show how perfectly normal human beings can be pressurized into unusual behaviour by pronouncement figures, or by the consensus of opinions around them. The Asch paradigm was a series of laboratory studies published in the 1950s that demonstrated a surprising degree of conformity to a majority opinion. Solomon Asch attributed his research on group conformity based on an experiment he had as a child while developing up in Poland. It was Passover and he stayed up late to participate, his grandmother set out anextra glass of wine on the table and when he asked who the wine was for, his uncle answered him that it was for the prophet Elijah. Asch was filled with the sense of suggestion and expectation and believed that he even saw the level of the wine slightly decrease.At the beginning of the Second human race War (WWII), Asch began studying the effects of propaganda and indoctrination at Brooklyn College. According to the Encarta dictionar ies, propaganda means misleading publicity deceptive or distorted information that is systematically spread. Indoctrination on the other hand is simply to cause to believe something to teach somebody a belief, doctrine or ideology thoroughly and systematically, especially with the goal of disapprove independent thought or the acceptance of other opinionsSocial Pressure and PerceptionIn 1951 social psychologist Solomon Asch devised this experiment to examine the extent to which pressure from other people could affect ones perceptions. In total, about one third of the subjects who were placed in this situation went along with the clearly erroneous majority. Asch showed forbid like those in the Figure to college students in groups of 8 to 10. He told them he was studying visual perception and that their task was to decide which of the bars on the right was the same length as the one on the left.As you can see, the task is simple, and the correct answer is obvious. Asch asked the stud ents to give their answers aloud. He repeated the procedure with 18 sets of bars. Only one student in each group was a real subject. All the others were confederates who had been instructed to give two correct answers and then to some ridiculous answers on the remaining re-create trials. Asch arranged for the real subject to be the next-to-the-last person in each group to announce his answer so that he would hear most of the confederates paradoxical responses before giving his own. Would he go along with the crowd?Solomon Asch far right real subject third from right.To Aschs surprise, 37 of the 50 subjects conformed themselves to the obviously erroneous answers given by the other group members at least once, and 14 of them conformed on more than 6 of the staged trials. Whenfaced with a unanimous wrong answer by the other group members, the mean subject conformed on 4 of the staged trials. Asch was disturbed by these results The tendency to conformity in our society is so strong that reasonably intelligent and well-meaning young people are willing to call whiteness black. This is a matter of concern. It raises questions about our ways of education and about the values that guide our conduct.Real subject leans forward to get a better view of the lines being displayed. This particular individual insisted that he has to call them as he sees them and disagreed with the consensus over each of staged trials. Why did the subjects conform so quickly? When they were interviewed after the experiment, most of them said that they did not really believe their conforming answers, but had gone along with the group for fear of being mockd or thought peculiar. A few of them said that they really did believe the groups answers were correct. Asch conducted a revised version of his experiment to find out whether the subjects truly did not believe their incorrect answers.When they were permitted to write down their answers after hearing the answers of others, their level of conformity declined to about one third what it had been in the original experiment. Apparently, people conform for two main reasons because they want to be liked by the group and because they believe the group is better informed than they are. Suppose you go to a fancy dinner party and notice to your dismay that there are four forks beside your plate. When the first course arrives, you are not sure which fork to use. If you are like most people, you look around and use the fork everyone else is using. You do this because you want to be accepted by the group and because you assume the others know more about table etiquette than you do.Conformity, group size, and cohesivenessAsch found that one of the situational factors that influence conformity is the size of the opposing majority. In a series of studies he varied the number of confederates who gave incorrect answers from 1 to 15.The subjects responses varied with the level of majority opinion they were faced with. He found that th e subjects conformed to a group of 3 or 4 asreadily as they did to a larger group. However, the subjects conformed much less if they had an ally In some of his experiments, Asch instructed one of the confederates to give correct answers. In the presence of this nonconformist, the real subjects conformed only one fourth as much as they did in the original experiment. There were several reasons First, the real subject observed that the majority did not ridicule the dissident for his answers. Second, the dissenters answers made the subject more certain that the majority was wrong.Third, the real subject now experienced social pressure from the dissenter as well as from the majority. Many of the real subjects later reported that they wanted to be like their nonconformist partner (the similarity principle again). Apparently, it is toilsome to be a minority of one but not so difficult to be part of a minority of two. Some of the subjects indicated afterward that they sham the rest of t he people were correct and that their own perceptions were wrong. Others knew they were correct but didnt want to be different from the rest of the group. Some even insisted they saw the line lengths as the majority claimed to see them. Asch concluded that it is difficult to maintain that you see something when no one else does. The group pressure implied by the expressed opinion of other people can lead to modification and distortions effectively making you see almost anything.Conclusion and ComparisonPublic conformity vs. social influenceThe Asch conformity experiments are often interpreted as evidence for the power of conformity and normative social influence. That is, the willingness to conform publicly in order to attain social reward and avoid social punishment. Others have argued that it is rational to use other peoples judgments as evidence. Along the lines of the latter perspective, the Asch conformity experiments are cited as evidence for the self-categorization theory acc ount of social influence. From that perspective the Asch results are interpreted as an outcome of depersonalization processes whereby the participants expect to hold the same opinions as similar others. Social comparison theoryThe conformity demonstrated in Asch experiments is problematic for socialcomparison theory, which predicts that social reality testing, or informational influence, will arise when physical reality testing yields uncertainty. The Asch conformity experiments demonstrated that uncertainty can arise as an outcome of social reality testing. Relatedly, this inconsistency has been used to support the position that the theoretical distinction between social reality testing and physical reality testing is untenable.REFERENCES1. Hogg, M. A. Vaughan, G. M. (2005). Social psychology. Harlow Pearson/Prentice Hall. 2. McLeod, S (November 2011). Conformity. Simply psychology. 3. Aronson, E Wilson, T. D., Akert, R. M. (2007). Social Psychology (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N J Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-233487-7. 4. Hogg, M. A. Vaughan, G. M. (2005). Social psychology. Harlow Pearson/Prentice Hall. 5. Baron, R. S. Vandello, J. A. & Brunsman, B. (1996). The forgotten variable in conformity research Impact of task importance on social influence. diary of Personality and Social Psychology 71 (5) 915927. doi10.1037/0022-3514.71.5.915. 6. Asch, S. E. (1955). Opinions and Social Pressure. Scientific American 193 (5) 3135. 7. Guimond, S (2010). Psychologie Sociale Perspective Multiculturelle. Warve Mardaga. pp. 1928. 8. Asch, S. E. (1952). Social Psychology. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hal. 9. Asch, S. E. (1955). Opinions and Social Pressure. Scientific American 193 (5) 3135. 10. Kelman, H. C (1958). Compliance, Identification, and Internalization Three Processes of perspective Change. Journal of Conflict Resolution 2(1) 5160. 11. Kelman, H. C (1958). Compliance, Identification, and Internalization Three Processes of Attitude Change. Journal of Conflict Resolution 2(1) 5160. 12. Deutsch, M Grard, H. B (1955). A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgement.. Journal of deviate psychology 51 (3) 629636. 13. Hogg, M. A. Vaughan, G. M. (2005). Social psychology. Harlow Pearson/Prentice Hall. 14. Sherif, M (1936). The psychology of social norms. New York Harpe. 15. Hogg, M. A. Vaughan, G. M. (2005). Social psychology. Harlow Pearson/Prentice Hall. 16. Schachter,, S (1951). Deviation, Rejection, and communication..Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 46 190208. 17. Hodges,, B. H. Geyer, A. L. (2006). A Nonconformist Account of the Asch Experiments Values, Pragmatics, and righteous Dilemmas.Personality and Social Psychology Review 10 (1) 219. 18. Deutsch, M Grard, H. B (1955). A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgement.. Journal of abnormal psychology 51 (3) 629636. 19. Latan,, B (1981). The psychology of social impact. American Psychologist 63 (4) 343356. 20. Forgas, J. P. Williams, K. D (2001). Social influence Direct and indirect processes. The Sydney symposium of social psychology.. New York Psychology Press.. pp. 6176. 21. McKelvey, W. Kerr, N. H. (1988). Differences in conformity among friends and strangers. Psychological Reports 62 (3) 759762.. 22. Urberg,, K. A. Degirmencioglu, S. M. Pilgrim, C. (1997). Close friend and group influence on adolescent cigarette smoking and alcohol use.Developmental Psychology 33 (5) 834844. 23. Moscovici,, S. N. (1974). Minority influence. Social psychology Classic and contemporary integrations.. Chicago Rand McNally. pp. 217249.. 24. Felps, W Mitchell, T R. Byington, E (2006). How, When, and Why Bad Apples Spoil the Barrel Negative Group Members and Dysfunctional.GroupsResearch in Organizational Behavior 27 175222. 25. Berry,, J W. (1967). Independence and conformity in subsistence-level societies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 7 415418.. 26. Bond,, M. H & Smith, P. B. ( 1996). Culture and Conformity A meta-analysis of studies using the Aschs (1952b, 1956) line judgement task.Psychological Bulletin 119 111137. 27. Reitan,, H Shaw, M (1964). Group Membership, Sex-Composition of the Group, and Conformity Behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology64 4551. 28. Applezweig, M H Moeller, G (1958). Conforming behavior and personality variables. New capital of the United Kingdom Connecticut College. 29. Beloff,, H (1958). Two forms of social conformity Acquiescence and conventionality. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 56 (1) 99104. 30. Coleman,, J Blake, R R & Mouton, J S (1958). Task difficulty and conformity pressures. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 57(1) 120122. 31. Eagly,, A. H & Carli, L. L (1981). Sex of researchers and sex-typed communication theory as determinants of sex differences in influenceability A meta-analysis of social influence studies. Psychological Bulletin 90 (1) 120. 32. Eagly,, A. H. (1987).Sex differences in social behavior A social role interpretation. Hillsdale, NJ Erlbaum. 33. Reitan,, H Shaw, M (1964). Group Membership, Sex-Composition of the Group, and Conformity Behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology64 4551. 34. Sistrunk,, F & McDavid, J. W (1971). Sex variable in conforming behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 17 (2) 200207. 35. Milgram,, S Bickman, L. & Berkowitz, L. (1969). Note on the drawing power of crowds of different size. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 13 (2) 7982. 36.age-of-the-sage.org37.McLeod, S. A. (2007). Simply Psychology Conformity in PsychologyConformity in Psychology. 38.Martyn Shuttleworth (2008). Asch Experiment. Retrieved 17 Apr. 2012 from Experiment. Resources http//www.experiment-resources.com/asch-experiment.html

Film Reflection “Home” Essay

Film Reflection HOME (2009) Title Home year 2009 Director Yann Arthus-Bertrand Watch (Your) Home I watched the documentary Home recently, and really, earth is so magnificent. So many beautiful shots, such an eye-opener of the need of every part of nature. I really loved this documentary rough our home. Besides all the gorgeous pictures of the earth and its nature, I really enjoyed one specific scene about trees (004748). This scene explains why trees atomic number 18 important for our living why they are the cornerstone f the climatic balance on which we all depend.In the background a sad, sensitive song is sung. A man is telling solo and uses his dark, deep voice, as if he were mourning. The combination of sounds are like an introduction of the sad following message 20% of the biggest rainforest have been attenuate down. The music fits so perfectly with this message, that it caught me and made me aware of the gravity of the overconsumption of wood. Just an example of how one and a half hours of pictures, voice and music changed me and my ideas toward the environmental return. modify Change. I use that word conscious. And it should change everybodys mind, because the whole movie isnt Just filled with gorgeous pictures about the earth and its perfect balance, entirely as well with the destructive influence of humanity. Everything is linked together, everything is connected and all our actions are affecting natures balance. The consumption of water, wood and the need for oil everything affects natures balance. That is the message of this documentary, and I was shocked about my, maybe our unconsciousness.It looks like the delicate balance of nature is going to be disturbed drastically if we continue behaving like this. Did you know? This message shocked me and changed my ideas toward the environmental issue. You and l, as home sapiens, should change this. But, can we? Business responsibility Like I said, natures balance is changed by our consumption man ners. Consumption starts with mathematical harvest-home. I think production companies have a great responsibility in the solution for our home planet. Since a few years organizations give attention to he green issue their responsibility in these environmental problems.They come up with issues like sustainability. I always thought these were particularly attempts to gain market share. Social environment has changed since the approaching warnings about environmental issues consumers expected organization to implement green production ways. To satisfy (and behold) its customers, organizations might have Ive seen this movie Home, I see that organizations really have a great responsibility in changing the tide. Their decisions could be made with the sincere aim.But at the same clock I think organization could make much more radical decisions if the really want to. Couldnt organization decide to turn down product quality to improve environmental quality to minimize the use of water a nd electricity maybe to renounce the increase of sales numbers and stimulate customers to insure the lifetime of products? In the last scenes of Home, Yann Arthus-Bertrans gives a lot of examples of how companies reacted drastically towards the environmentally problems. It requires courage, will and moreover consciousness.Organization must be aware of the fact that their actions, their plans and strategies are linked to natural resources, to the future of our planet. Our home. Together Awareness and decisiveness amongst diverse operating organization can make a difference, I think. But the problem should be tackled together. All competitors should agree on green production, to prevent one competitor is competed out by doing the right thing. Only when this isnt possible, legislation should oblige business activities, cause will is stronger than obligation.Also consumers like you and me have responsibility. Awareness of our habits can fade out greed, although we arent easily satisfi ed materially. When theres the common believe we all are a shackle in the solution for environmental problems, I think it is possible consumer behavior will change, but a common believe must be created. Thats something the government should do. But also you and me can help. Tell your neighbors about the need for changes in twain production and consumption. Buy this movie Home. Watch Home together, and lets watch our home, together

Accounting for managerial decisions

Which of the following costs related to the purchase of production equipment incurred by BBC play along during 2013 would be considered an expense (revenue expenditure)? B. Purchase price of the equipment less the cash discount c. Repair and maintenance costs during the equipments first yr of service d. Transportation charges to deliver the equipment to BBC Company 4. Clear Window Cleaners purchased new cleaning equipment at the beginning of 2013. The equipment has a cost of $37 000, an estimated life of pentad course of studys, and an estimated residual value of $7 000.A full years depreciation expense is to be recorded in 2013. The equipment was used 20 000 hours during 2013 and 24 000 hours during 2014. The number of expected hours over five years is ampere-second 000. Clear Window is comparing the straight-line and reducing-balance depreciation methods. Of these two methods, which method creates the large expense and larger tax savings 2013? A. Straight-line depreciation c reates the larger expense, while reducing-balance depreciation creates the larger tax savings b. Straight-line depreciation creates both the larger expense and the larger tax paving c.Reducing-balance depreciation creates both the larger expense and the larger tax d. Reducing-balance depreciation creates the larger expense, while straight-line depreciation creates the larger tax savings 5. Current accounting standard SAAB 116 indicates that the costs of intangible assets with an indefinite life, such(prenominal) as goodwill, should a. Not be amortized, but should be reviewed annually for impairment b. Be reported on the statement of retained earnings in the year in which acquired d. Be debited to an expense account entirely in the year in which acquired 6.The equipment had cost $45 000 and its accumulated depreciation hearted to $20 000 at the clipping of the sale. What are the net effects on the accounting equation of selling the equipment? A. Assets and equity increase $30 000 b . Assets diminution and equity increases $5 000 d. Assets and equity decrease $5 000 8. Wong purchased equipment at the beginning of July 2012 for $21 000. Wong decided to depreciate the equipment over a five year period using the straight-line method. Wong estimated the equipments residual value at $1 000. The estimated carnival market value at the end of June 2013 was $20 000.Which of the following statements is correct concerning Wings financial statements at 30 June 2013? A. The carrying amount of the equipment is $16 000 b. The carrying amount of the equipment is $17 000 c. The total accumulated depreciation is $4 200 d. The equipment will be reported on the statement of financial position at it fair market value of $20 000 9. Chou Zero purchased equipment at the beginning of July 2013 for $200 000. Chou Zero decided to depreciate the equipment over a five year period using the reducing-balance method. Chou Zero estimated the equipments residual value at 20 000.Which of the f ollowing statements is correct concerning Chou Zeros financial statements at 30 June 2014? A. The carrying amount of the equipment is $120 000 b. The carrying amount of the equipment is $80 000 c. The total accumulated depreciation is $90 000 d. Depreciation expense for 2013 is $72 000 10. The effect of recording depreciation for the year is a. A decrease in assets and a decrease in total comprehensive income c. An increase in assets and an increase in total comprehensive income d. A decrease in total comprehensive income and no change in assets

I’M Afraid of Getting Older

Im Afraid of Getting Older Are you afraid of getting oldisher? Are you ready enough to casing aging? Most of us think that getting older means having wrinkles, turning of hair color from black to white, receding hairline, visual blurring and a view more horrifying physical changes in our dust. We live in a world that is obsessed with looking young and beautiful. Faced with loss of youth, many of us feel profound fear, l mavenliness, and regretwhich leads to the depressing idea that the best years of our lives are behind us.But, is getting older a truly scary woolgather visualized by most of the youth nowadays? Actually, getting older is not as frightening as it seems. We should come to understand that getting old and yes, even dying is all part of life. Nothing stops the march of time. We cant stop it, we can only accept it and be gracious about it. That is what we extremity to choose, accepting the fact that no one can stay young in his/her lifetime. Life is for living, giv ing and experiencing We got to do all and as much to evaluate it.And who says that all of the elders (about the age of 60 and above) are sickly and worthless? There are tons and tons and tons of really healthy, financially stable, elderly throng nowadays . Its just all about the choices you make while you are still young. If you live an incredibly healthy life, make wise decisions with your cash in hand and live life to its fullest while youre young, then its highly likely youll do just fine in your later years. There are endless things for us to enjoy as we get older. One of this is the pleasure of being a grandparent.No grandparent can ever explain how happy and lucky it is to be one Just keep in mind that human being is a reflection of The Triune God. We are made in His image in this way. The physical is the least important, so it is at the bottom. Next comes the soul (emotions, will, and mind). At the top is our spiritual. And yet it seems most of the time people are trying to improve the body and the mind So for the people out there who are worried of aging, just keep in mind that the more you think of getting older, the before it gets

Cyclermate

CYCLERMATE REPORT I. Introduction of Cyclermate Lewis Lle thoroughlyyn and Dai Armstrong were the commencement 2 men who made a intent of opening their own social club after being redundant as the consequence of the closure of their towns steel treats in due south Wales. Both of them be broaded to the local hertz touring club and since then, they had become close friends.With the idea of making a traditional upright cycle in sharp of the 1940s and 1950s, Cyclermate Ltd has been established and quickly gained success and attracted a number of attentions of customers owing to its high quality hand made harvestings and word of mouth reputation. Over the next 15 years, the lodge had still expanded and continued to be successful when persuading m both small cycle stores in Wales and England to display or at least to life a stock of brochures of its products.Everything seems to formu belated quite smoothly until 2010, when Cyclermate has faced a mickle of issues in terms o f finance, human resource and operation. To be specific, the demand among buyers in this field continues to fall even price of each Cyclermates product has been reduced the quality of its products be no longer as good as it was in the past which illustrated by the addition of complaints from customers just about its quality and fault and the bank manager has expressed concern about the overdraft which ordain cost Cyclermate a big trouble if it does not solve these problems immediately.These are just some of the obstacles which the company has faced so in this essay, I will analyze to a greater extent clearly about its difficulty and recommend some positive solutions for Cyclermate which it sack amounts to handle these issues. II. Cyclermate analysis 1. SWOT analysis First of all, in order to devote a wide vision about this company, I invite used SWOT as a tool to identify and analyze the situation of Cyclermate at the moment. As regards internal factors, one of the strength of this company which makes it different compared to the other companies is unique products.As far as I am concerned, with the development of technology, many cycle shops nowadays use a modern production chain to dispose and assemble materials. Nonetheless, the cost for this body process is quite high and most of the products will be the same. When it comes to Cyclermate, almost processes guard been settled by hand thus, staffs flush toilet easily add their creation into products and attract customers by the wide range of style of its bicycle.Further more than, by using traditional method, Cyclermate have brought some smart things to the market making buyers feel more interesting, especially when products have been change in the market are quite common and familiar. When it comes to the weaknesses, as almost Cyclermates products have been made by hand so mistakes and faults are inevitable. That is to say, besides the price paying for materials, it similarly has to spend some m ore for fixing service.Moreover, with the lack of employees and capital, Cyclermate has struggled in operating the company and consequently, it normally has to face the insufficient production alloting in the market. As regards external factors, a huge opportunity for Cyclermate at the very first is that it produces an unfamiliar product so Cyclermate can avoid big competitors and has a notice to dominate the market. Besides, according to Mr. Llewellyn, there is still strong growths to come in the cycle market as more and more people abandon their cars hence, this is a good chance for this company to reach to its customers.One of the most striking features which should be considered here is the economic crisis occurring in 2008 resulted in the threat of total collapse of bigger financial institutions, the bailout of banks by national governments, and downturns in stock markets around the world. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of US dollars, and a downturn in economic activity.As the consequence, people will have to see about a solution to save property and one possible way at this time is reduce the usage of natural gas in another word, reduce using gas transportation and change to physical vehicle such as bicycle. So if Cyclermate can attracts customers and creates a clothe of using bicycle among them, it definitely will success in the future. The only threat of Cyclermate which I want to give ear here is the appearance of some competitors in this major for example Halfords which gained success at the moment even there are many cycle shops are closing outpriced.At the very first, Cyclermate was one of the first company entering this field so it did not have to pay much attention about how to eff with the others competitors. Nevertheless, when the t ime passed by, many companies have detect about this potential market so it is time for Cyclermate to try their best to gain trust of customers if they do not want to lose the market to their rivals. 2. ongoing issues of Cyclermate a. Finance problem After having an overlook about the situation of Cyclermate, the next part of my essay will come closer to all the issues which Cyclermate has met.Firstly, this company has to deal with a huge trouble which comes from finance. As I mentioned before, Cyclermate had to reduce the cost of its product to maintain sales, costs are rising and the overdraft is increase year by year which push the company on the edge of bankruptcy. Besides, according to Ms. Barry the budget for the coming year will further decline and possible trading losings as the consequence of a decline in sales. Moreover, based on the profit statement for the last five years, it is clearly that the finance issue of this company is in danger.To illustrated, the profit retai ned of the company had decreased significantly compared to the last 4 year (from ? 42734 in 9/30/2009 to ? 12724 in 9/30/2010) and it did not even pay the dividends for percentageholder and the change on hand of Cyclermate in 30/9/2010 was just ? 657 put it in another words, the fluidness of this company was too low and if there was something happen for example the banks did not believe Cyclermate anymore and they wanted their money back, it could not have large cash to pay for its creditors and had to mortgage its non-current assets hence, this company will not have passable machine or capital to run its business.In order to help the company whip this problem, there are some solutions which I am considered will be possible. First, according to the financial statement, even the direct sales units sold was lower than shop sales price, the profit which Cyclermate received from direct sale was much more higher. To be specific, in 9/30/2006, even there were just 743 units sold by direct sales, compared to 1010 units by shop sales, the revenue from the former was much more higher ( 743650 1010390 = 89050).That is to say, by reducing the products sold in shop, Cyclermate can saves and gains more money. Furthermore, in order to maintain the connection which suppliers after reducing the quantity, Cyclermate can negotiate with these suppliers and offer some extra interest rate or bearing so that its supplier will still remain display and sell the product of this company. Another solution is that Dai Armstrong should allow Lewis Llewellyn to retire. The reason is that Lewis Llewellyn himself does not willing to work anymore and he commonly find his work increasingly tiring and stressful.Besides, although he is one of the first 2 men who established Cyclermate as well as the shareholder of the company, he himself thinks that this company should close down or should be sold for the others UK firms. If employees in Cyclermate know what he is thinking, will they wa nt to work for its workplace anymore and even they still work for this company, no one can guarantee that they will put 100% of their mind on working. So let Lewis Llewellyn go seem to be the right choice at this time.However, Dai Armstrong must negotiate with Lewis about his share in the company because if he wants his money back I believe that the capital of Cyclermate will not meet the standard to run its business. In my opinion, the negotiation will success as these two men has a strong relationship and has worked with each other for such a long time so if everything is ok, Cyclermate will save a lot of money for the next coming year. b. Human resources problem There are a number of problems with the human resource of Cyclermate. First of all, it does not have enough staffs to run the business smoothly after expanding.For instance, Dai Armstrong is the chairman of the company and normally, he must takes in charge of operating and controlling the activity of Cyclermate and distri butes a especial(a) descent for his employees. Nonetheless, owing to the insufficient workforce, Dai himself still makes all the frames, using the original jigs constructed in his garage all those years ago and the inevitable thing is that he is finding it hard to keep up this level of production, both because of the physical demands of the task, and because of his other duties as factory manager and business director as regards package, it is usually taken by anyone who has spare time.That is to say, it cannot guarantee the productivity of the firm, especially in rush time, when the staffs cannot even meet the quantity requirement of their main duty so how can they handle another. Moreover, at the moment, the company does not have as much courteous staffs as possible in order to maintain the productivity of Cyclermate and Gwyneth Morgan is one of typically example. She usually deals with internal and external enquiries, ata entry, and other routine tasks which is classify as pa per work however the main responsibility of her job is purchasing and help company avoiding disruption from stockouts hence, the work cannot meet the efficiency as expected or Ffred Gregory who is 18 years old and quite spick-and-span to the process, often has to work overtime to ensure that orders are met on time so that training him has further slowed production recently. Of course, Cyclermate still has some professional employees standardized Idris Pugh who was recruited from a local cycle repair shop.He is a perfectionist in terms of wheel manufacture and never cause for any complaints but sometimes, the work were late for appointment owing to his old-age and bad healthy. As far as solutions are concerned, I have found out some possible ones which Cyclermate can applies. At the very first, it should re-train the staffs in the company in order to meet the requirement of their field. This train can be hold by the boss himself or skillful employees of Cyclermate so that they can not only save a bundle of money for the company but also have more time to babble and understand each other, especially newcomers.Moreover, after enrolling in this course, employees should be guaranteed to understand their job clearly and easily to combat with the task given. Another thing which can be done is recruit some new employees for Cyclermate. This is kind of positive way at this time as a new and professional staffs can help the company find out a new and creative way to complete the task and maintain the requirement quantity and quality of the company. However, I do not highly recommend this solution as the finance issue of the company is in danger and it is hard for Cyclermate to hire some new employees at this time. c. Operation problemThe very last problem of Cyclermate which I want to mention here is Operation ones. First of all, the leader of the company does not have a clear distribution for each staff which leads to the unstable in their job and costs a low produc tivity for such a long time. To be illustrated, Dai Armstrong has to take charge of many different responsibilities included the chairman of Cyclermate, the worker who makes all the frames of products and even a packaged man. With a bunch of workloads which have been handled standardised that, how can this man has time to think about a new strategy, a new plan to purify the current situation of the company?And the others workers, with a number of things have been done in a short time, how can they guarantee that no mistake will be made, not mention about some majors are not their professional field. Besides, as far as I concerned, before establishing Cyclermate, Lewis was just on his way up from apprentice to be chief mill engineer while Dai had progressed from office boy to a senior marketing post. That is to say, with this current prospect, how can they have enough management skills to lead the other in the company?Last but not least, the problem even come from the top manager of the company which is Lewis and Dai who share management of the business, though by nature of their differing roles, Lewis tends to focus more on production issues and Dai on external relations. Like people have verbalise 1 dat khong the co 2 vua, with a different role like that, they cannot guide their employees to a single task which is break the basic rules of a muckle consequently, Cyclermates staffs do not know what to concentrate on and lack of clear vision about the goal of what they have to do.When it comes to the solution, I believe that there are some ways which can help Cyclermate improve the current situation of this company. Firstly, Dai Armstrong has to set down a clear distribution for each position in the company. He has to reduce the multi responsibility among his workers so that they can focus 100% on their current job and maintain the productivity of each process.Secondly, as I mentioned above, If Cyclermate accepts the retirement of Lewis Llewellyn, it can concentrates deeply on a single task at the moment for example maintain the productivity or improve the quality of its products, etc which is clear so that employees will know what they have to do to meet the goal of the company. Lastly, in order to save money, save materials and still furnish enough products to meet the need of customers, Cyclermate itself should considers to apply JIT method on produce the products.This method was described by Henry Ford in his book as a production model in which items are created to meet demand, not created in surplus or in advance of need. I absolutely think that this solution will fit the Cyclermates situation well, especially when it has a huge issue with finance Thus, by calculating an exact figure of materials has been and should be used, this company can avoid the waste associated with overproduction, waiting and excess inventory. In order to support for this method, I highly recommend the company to use Kanban card game to make JIT becom e more efficiency. As far as I oncerned, this Kanban card is like a label which contained a number of information about products such as name, number of units and a variety of other news that clearly conveys what must be done. By applying this card in manufacturing, especially in the situation of Cyclermate when the work of each staffs does not fix, it will help employees to control and identify which should be done next by analyze the color of Kanban card game for instance the white or green Kanban cards mean that a product do not have to manufacture yet, the yellow ones mean that employees should root producing a goods immediately, etc.III. Recommendation After analyzing the case study about Cyclermate, I want to note down briefly about some potential routes which this company can follow to reach to the market. First of all, as far as I am concerned, Cyclermate has a good supplied channel who ready to advertise and sell the product of the company and Word of Mouth method seems to bring a positive chance for it to attract customers.That is to say, developing this supplied channel can help Cyclermate increase its image on the eyes of customers and there are many others retailers which have not been asked about selling Cyclermates products so this a one of a best way for this company to expand its business. Another striking feature here is that it can focus on direct sale to sell its product to buyers. This method can help the company reduce the price paid for middleman and furthermore, Cyclermate can take this chance as an opportunity to interact with customers in order to understand and identify what they really want and need.Lastly, with the significant develop of technology, marketing is now become more and more important within any corporation around the world to approach and attract buyers. However, this way seems to be forgotten by Cyclermate indicated in the meetings report that the marketing activity of this company in recent year is quite rare. As th e consequence, Cyclermate can spend some of the money saved from firing Lewis Llewellyn and profit retained to improve this activity to rise up its status and advertise a great hand-made bicycle to customers. IV. ConclusionCyclermate Ltd, in my opinion, is a brave company as it does not follow the trend of current market but identifying and having its own idea to manufacture a unique product, even in a harsh time like this. However, it has met a number of issues when trying to operate its business which I have mentioned above. In the future, there will be a lot of difficulties which this company has to handle. Having said that, with all the ideas and solutions which I have noted down in my essay, I strongly believe that it is possible for Cyclermate to recover and strengthen as it did in the past.

Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely animal farm

When the animals take over the farm the pigs buzz off the animals leaders, as they are the smartest of the animals. Major starts out telling the animals about his dream and convincing them thats how the farm should be like. The pigs encourage that all animals are equal and have 7 commandments to keep the farm in order. After the animals start to couple with pile more and more, Boxer says If Comrade Napoleon says it, it must be right (Orwell 56) that is how Napoleon gained his motto as Napoleon is always right.The animals became affright by the pigs and were too afraid to ever question their conclusivenesss. None of the other animals were smart enough to think differently. When Napoleon realizes how much power he has, he starts to take advantage of it. Napoleon starts to tweak the commandments to his advantage. Napoleon creates a rule saying, The milk and windfall apples should be reserved for the pigs alone (Orwell 36). Napoleon has only make this rule to benefit himself and h is kind. When Squealer says, Surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back? he is trying to scare the other animals into intellection Napoleons doing the right thing. The pigs should not be treated any better than the other animals. This is what started Napoleons corrupt set of values. Napoleon continues to make corrupt changes to the commandments and rules as he gains more and more authority. When Napoleon accepted, through Whymper, a contract for 400 eggs a week (Orwell 76) it was really unfair to the hens and he should have no chink over that. Napoleon did not give any sympathy to the hens even after they revolted.Napoleon started to traumatize the hens for declining to give their eggs. Napoleon brought the situation way out of harmonize and brutally starved some of the hens to death to get the eggs on time. Napoleon has no right to put the hens through hell just to because he says so. Napoleon started off as a true leader keeping the farm under control but once his control got so big he figureed corrupt. Napoleon made and changed rules to benefit himself. Napoleon became very selfish and unfair to all the other animals.No other animal ever had the gumption or smarts to question Napoleons power and decisions which worsened the situation and made Napoleon become more corrupt. Napoleon had a stern set of rules but if he happened to break a rule his fellow pigs would use a euphemism by adding a few words to the rule to soften the true meaning. If everyone could quickly turn to page 109, last paragraph. The other animals were not very smart so they were fooled into cerebration they had just remembered the commandments wrong in the first place.Napoleon had such corrupt morals that he thought any rule he broke he could simply alter it so he was no longer breaking the rules. Napoleon ends up changing the entire commandments after he had gained all the power and money he wanted. In the end, the most corrupt thing Napoleon did is when he changed all the commandments to All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others (134). This brought the farm back to exactly how it had started. This very corrupt decision made the animals think they could not question his unfair decisions simply because some animals are more equal than others.This took away all the freedom and equality that had unplowed the farm together. Absolute power corrupts absolutely this is exactly what happened to animal farm. Napoleon had started out so against humans and made rules against having any similarities with them. After Napoleon had become more and more corrupt he turned into exactly what he was against humans. Napoleon let his corrupt decisions get the best of him and alter his mind thinking he was above the rest. The animals were left with no power or leadership and all they had was a selfish, lying, corrupt dictator who acted just as a human.

Family Movie Essay

Mrs. Doubtfire is a movie about something that intimately every American family faces, divorce. The film stars Sally Field and Robin Williams as pargonnts with conflicting p arnting flares and beliefs, who end up divorcing with a bloody battle for the childrens custody. The children are thrown into this mess and the movie showcases how each of them messiness with the divorce. Lydia is the rebellious preteen who doesnt understand why the family dynamic has to change. Chris, the younger brother is the athletic section of the family. Natalie is the small wide eyed child who is still trying to comprehend why daddy doesnt live at home anymore. The theme of the movie centers around many an(prenominal) parenting and family questions such as How does unmatchable properly raise children? Is there really one single parenting style that works? Is it really executable for divorcing parents to set aside their differences for the sake of the children? It is a glimpse into how differently a father would raise his children if stipulation a chance to do so without interference or boundaries.It reminds us that once parents learn to comprehend to each other instead of fighting with each other during divorce proceedings they will at last come around to doing what is outperform for their children. The movie introduces the viewers to the changing dynamic of the American family. Mothers are no longer stay at home moms who simply tend to children and cook meals. These days women like Miranda Hillard (Sally Field) are career driven heads of industries. It is withal not uncommon these days to find a stay at home dad like Daniel Hillard (Robin Williams). The problem with this situation is that even though bewilders bring home the bacon, they are still expected to come home and perform their wifely and motherly duties. Something that society has not once, end-to-end the hi bill or marriages expected from the husband and father. Such a situation indeed ca-cas its toll on any marriage and weakens the foundation of the family For fathers who are forced to stay home to care for the children, such a move is taken as an insult to their manhood and makes him feel dominated in the process. Lets face it, men still find it insulting to take orders from a woman, even if that woman happens to be his wife or the mother of his children. In such a situation, the man will rebel the simply way he knows how.By playing the good cop, bad cop game with the children. As you see to it themovie you are exposed to two highly different parenting styles. The mothers rigid parenting style that is meant to instill discipline in the children and the laid back relationship between the father and the three children. non to say that one style is better than the other but the truth is that, when children are in the pith of their parents divorce, they definitely need structure and balance to keep them focused and centered on their own lives and their attention deviated from the cha os brought on by divorce. In such situations, it would help if the parents could agree on how the children will be cared for and what their day to day routine will consist of. Once Mrs. Doubtfire is introduced to the family unit everyone seems to take something away from the experience. The children especially, they are able to convey their feelings and emotions to her as advantageously as the father who is hiding in the old womans costume. The mother, Hillary, also confides in Mrs. Doubtfire about her divorce and how she felt about her ex-husband. This emblem of communication was healthy for all members of the family including the father even though he was not really universe himself. Once the movie hits the turning point and the cat is out of the bag sort of speaks, the children as well as Hillary are very sad to have lost their nanny. As she has become part of the family in just a short amount of time.They mourn the loss of here as if she actually died. further when they find out that Mrs. Doubtfire was there father the children become ecstatic and are overjoyed to see him. The mother is reluctant to communicate with the father later on the great lengths he went through to see his children and also after what she had confided in Mrs. Doubtfire who she just found out was her ex-husband. But in the end the divorce worked out for the best and everybody grew as a result of the ensuing changes that they faced. The father was able to get a job and also was able to set up visitation services to see his children and the mother was able to find untried love in a new man. This movie is just one of the pioneers in witnessing divorce and the many tolls it can take not only on the couple but the children and also their friends and family. With a slight bit of comedy they were able to keep the audience entertained but also tell their story of divorce and how each person was able to deal with the issue.

The Devil Wears Prada

Office-Politics lessons from The Devil Wears Prada Think you have the worlds worst stump? How does your node measure up against the Boss-from-Hell? By Franke James, MFA The Devil Wears Prada will no doubt fuel round hot, haute water-cooler chat. ground on the novel by Lauren Weisberger, the film is a wickedly funny tale close on the job(p) for a chief who is a tyrant (rumor has it that the book was inspired by Weisbergers stint at panache Magazine executeing for Anna Wintour). Meryl Streep stars as Miranda Priestly, Editor-in-Chief of Runway Magazine. Think Cruella de Ville with Medusa eyes.While the movie is an entertaining good turning period about the travails of working for a tyrannical boss, it raises some important questions If you work for a Boss-from-Hell how do you finagle? Is your boss a Boss-from-Hell? Is your boss bullying you or simply delivering a tough-love message? Are you a victim or just paying your dues? Does your boss thrive on chaos? Does your boss key impossible demands? Does your boss play the shoes politics game 1. Is your boss a Boss-from-Hell? Miranda quickly constituted her role as the Master over her Slave employees. She lived, ate, and breathed her c atomic number 18er.Work and life had merged into atomic number 53 unified and indivisible whole. She expected e rattling champion to have the same devotion to Runway Magazine. Employees time with family and friends was an expendable commodity, a frill. Miranda refused to address her new assistant Andy (Anne Hathaway) by her proper name, and substituted the name of her other assistant. She demanded that Andy be on vociferation 24/7 (without adequate compensation) She gave a long list of demands without whollyowing any questions and expected employees to have sex the expand of each task, but did non provide any training.She sent Andy on multiple errands, without clear instructions, and an impossibly short time-frame under threat of being fired if she did non delive r. She insulted her intelligence and mocked her zeal of dress, publicly and privately She forbade any employees from riding in the elevator with her, which further underlined a Master/Slave relationship. While some of these incidents, if taken al champion, could be dismissed as minor irritations, collectively they amounted to psychological warf be.All of these power-plays shared one thing in common a lack of respect by the boss for the employee. How to cope deliver up for yourself You have to stand up for yourself to get what you indispensability with a Boss-from-Hell. Remember that they are to a greater extent concerned about themselves than you. They are the center of the universe. So dont take it personally that your boss cant remember your name, or wont take the time to delegate tasks properly. Your scoop out strategy is to be quietly persistent and firm. Repeat back what tasks have been requested, and the expected timeline.If the boss is overly impatient to listen, then send them a summary email or memo, before and after the task. memorial everything. 2. Is your boss bullying you or simply delivering a tough-love message? No one likes to be dressed-down, specially in public. Miranda routinely demeaned Andy in front of the other employees by calling her insulting names, mocking her style of dress, her level of intelligence, and her ability to handle the job. The funny thing was that there was a grain of truth to Mirandas criticisms. You cant expect to work for a invent magazine if you dont know the product.The belligerent delivery was inexcusable but the underlying truth was that Andy was ignorant of fashion and she would not fail without changing, learning and growing. Mirandas criticisms (but not her bullying tactics) could be viewed positively as a tough-love approach. How to cope component the company harbors (or exit) Miranda was setting up a challenge to Andy and every employee conform to my standards or you are fired This is not as unre asonable or evil as it appears at first glance. It raises a question that every employee should ask themselves.Am I not fitting in because I dont share the company determine? An extreme example if you wanted to join the Hells Angels, you know that youd have an easier time being authorized if you rode a motorcycle, dressed in leather, modify your body with multiple tattoos, drank a two-four daily, and (perhaps) had some illegal activities on your record. Clearly if you are working in the fashion field then it is a safe assumption that you share the value that fashion is important. Andy jilted that value. She did not fit in because she did not wear the uniform. She knew it, but she didnt care.She thought her brains were what really counted, not the surface decoration. Showing up for work in outfits that look like she rescued them from a frugality store was akin to waving a red flag in front of a bull. uncombed hair, shapeless argyle blend polyester sweaters, frumpy plaid skirts, and clumpy clogs labeled Andy as an ignoramus of the fashion world. Andy ask to embrace the fashion culture in order to survive, and ultimately to be accepted. Not knowing that a Manolo Blahnik is a brand of shoe is like a carpenter not knowing what a turncock is. Dumb, dumb, dumb. only it does get ahead for good comedy in the film. (Just dont make the same luxate in your career. ) Since the product in this case was fashion, it was elementary logic that Andy should show respect by pursuit the dress code. She was part of the Runway brand, as surely as the clothes-hanger models and glossy pages of their magazine. Andys career off-key around in the second half of the movie after a fashion makeover. She finally accepted that she necessitate to be the brand in order to excel at her job. She accepted the shared value. Miranda won a battle that should never have been an issue.If you dont accept the shared values of a company then that company is not the right place for you. 3. Are you a victim or just paying your dues? In the movie Andy frequently told her boyfriend (whose birthday caller she missed), that she had no choice. She whined constantly, But I had no choice Miranda called You dont have to be a tyrannical boss to want to wallop Andy with a big designer purse and yell, Dont answer the phone acetify it off. Andy was a willing victim. She chose to put her boss necessitys (and her career) ahead of her boyfriend.She decided that to climb the ladder she needed to work 24/7. Was that wrong? Not necessarily (besides the boyfriend is about as exciting as a heap of half-eaten mashed potatoes). But for Andy, whose true dream was to be a serious journalist, the pain was not worth the gain. How to cope Decide if it is a reasonable price To cope with a tyrannical boss, the near basic question you should ask yourself is whether the price in aggravation and stress in exchange for your hebdomadary paycheque is worth it. If its not worth it, then you have two ch oices. 1.Create an action curriculum that will change the aspects of your job you find most difficult. 2. Ask yourself what better job you could move to and what skills you need to acquire before you make the leap. 4. Does your boss thrive on chaos? Miranda did not have a well-oiled system. Things were constantly springing leaks. Tyrannical bosses need alleviate and not just psychiatric. At Mirandas company there was a crisis every hour. Employees were running around in a frenzied panic. Sadly, Miranda demanded perfection but was unwilling to split up a system to train her employees.Although many people admired her ability to run a fashion magazine, she was a poor manager of people. At the end of the movie she expressed relief that she would still be at the helm saying under her breath that no one else could handle the job. Which was probably very true. She was irreplaceable because she ran the business on fear and chaos, and it would have imploded on her exit. How to cope Cre ate a regular system To cope with the Boss-from-Hell, realize their shortcomings and compensate accordingly. In Mirandas case, the company lurched from mini-crisis to mini-crisis.A smart employee could have created systems to help run the place efficiently, smoothly and to minimize crisis. And then that employee would have been highly valued, and very marketable. 5. Does your boss make impossible demands? Miranda was forever making impossible demands of her employees. One hilarious example was when Mirandas plane was grounded by a hurricane. Andys dinner with her out-of-town Dad was interrupted, while Andy tried valiantly to schedule other flight. Of course, the only thing that flew that night was the st hitting the fan when Mirandas request for a flight was not met.How to Cope Can you think two steps ahead of the boss? putting aside the truly impossible demands, how do you stay two steps ahead of the boss? reside what the boss will need, before theyve even thought of it. That w as the key to Andys turnaround success. When Miranda asked for the impossible, a copy of an unpublished Harry Potter manuscript, Andy pulled strings to get it. But she proved herself to be a proactive intellect by getting the manuscript duplicated and bound (just in time for Mirandas twin daughters to read it on the train-ride to Grandmas).The cope strategy in this is not to take your boss requests at face value. Think further down the street to what the next logical step is going to be. That devil-boss will be eating out of your hand. 6. Does your boss play the office politics game? Miranda is an expert office politics player. The climax of the movie occurs when Miranda becomes apprised of an close coup that threatens to topple her (the magazine owner wants to give Mirandas job to his sexy new mistress). But Miranda checkmates the move very effectively by threatening to steal her high-profile fashion designers away to a bear upon publication.The owner grudgingly allows her to keep her Editor-in-Chief job, and offers his mistress an alternate, if largely titular, job. An unlucky pawn caught in the crossfire is Nigel, Mirandas hardcore design assistant. His ambitions get decimated, prompting Andy to virtuously claim that she could never backstab someone like that. Miranda corrects her and says, Oh, but you already have. You did it to Emily. This uncomfortable truth forced Andy to look in the mirror and make a decision as to what she wanted out of life, and how far she was willing to go to get it. How to Cope Learn to play the office politics gameTo cope with the Boss-from-Hell, employees need to learn how to play office politics, whether they want to or not. burial your head in the sand will not make it disappear. It is in your best interests to be aware of the shifting agendas, imbalances of power, hidden motives, and swift-moving unseen forces that are shaping your workplace. You need to become a student of homosexual nature, which is ultimately wha t office politics is all about. Oh yeah, and to survive the Boss-from-Hell, document everything You never know when you may be able to turn it into a best-selling book or a hit movie feature an Oscar-winning actress.About the author Franke James, MFA is the site founder of Office-Politics. com, and inventor of the Office-Politics Game. Office-Politics lessons from The Devil Wears Prada copyright 2006 Franke James. First publication July 2006 ICFAI University Press, name of Chartered Financial Analysts of India. All photographs The Devil Wears Prada 2006 copyright 20th Century Fox. The Devil Wears Prada starring Anne Hathaway, Meryl Streep, Stanley Tucci, Simon Baker, Emily Blunt. direct by David Frankel. Based on the novel by Lauren Weisberger.The Devil Wears PradaThe novel The Devil Wears Prada by Weisberger is about a girl named Andrea moved to New York and found a job as a next-to-last assistant of a fashion magazine editor. However, Andrea has a hard time on her job. Furthe rmore, her relationships with her family and friends get very bad because she is too hard-working. However, at the end of this novel Andrea makes her own way out by her heedful and wisdom. after reading the novel, I found myself and the protagonist of the novel, Andrea are some(prenominal) too hard-working and careful.Andrea and I are both so hard working that we forgot our families and friends. In the novel, Andrea is working very hard that she put all her time and energy into her job, so Andrea does not have any time for her family and friends. For example, in the novel Andrea see to it to call her boyfriend at three oclock, but she was very busy at her work that she never gets to call her boyfriend the whole day. I was very busy at work once, and I totally forgot to tell my mother that I will be getting off from work one hour later than usual.My mother was waiting for me at the supermarket one hour. Furthermore, I found myself and Andrea are both very careful that we notice or remember small things that others do not. Andrea finally made her boss approve with her ability because Andrea is very careful and she notices and remembers things that her boss does not. For instance, Andrea and her boss went to a big fashion party in Paris, and there were so many famous fashion designers. Many people came and greet to Andreas boss, but her boss does not recognize any of them.However, Andrea memorizes all guests name by flipping through guests list. After that her boss was very impress on Andreas careful. I found myself is very similar to Andrea. I always remember to check the address of the place we are going to, when all of my friends forgot to check. I applaud reading this book very much because I have the same personality characteristic, too hard-working and careful, with the protagonist, Andrea. I will recommend this novel to English-second language readers because the novel is easy to understand and interesting.